Innehållsförteckning för November 2018 från CAR

The Toyota Supra is reborn through a partnership with unlikely accomplice BMW. Lexus, which found favour with large, luxury sedans, has launched a boutique crossover. The boffins at AMG deemed it a good idea to develop a four-door version of the GT supercar (but base it on E-Class underpinnings). And among them all is a Yaris hot hatch with a supercharger beneath its bonnet that’s really rather wonderful to drive… The revolution isn’t limited to peculiar partnerships and models, however. The market for electric vehicles is finally seeing the expansion we all were expecting. Following Tesla and Jaguar’s examples, the Big Three are about to launch their own electric SUVs. Read more about two of them, the Mercedes-Benz’s EQC and Audi’s E-tron, in our Insight news section starting on page…

Congratulations to Zaid Aboo, who wins a hamper of an aviator-inspired, lightweight SOLO Altitude backpack (R1 499) and a stylish SOLO Ludlo tablet sling (R699) that can accommodate a tablet with up to an 11-inch screen SOLO Established in 2008, SOLO is committed to shaking up an old industry. The brand’s goal is to keep you moving in style with cool, thoughtfully designed bags and tablet cases. Since ’08, the streets of New York have provided SOLO with endless inspiration. Every design has a unique style, sparked by the sights and sounds of the city. While New York is a place SOLO calls home, that dynamic spirit translates everywhere. See www.gammatek.co.za for more info.…

Alfa Romeo Giulia Veloce imminent Alfa Romeo Stelvio QV imminent Aston Martin DB11 AMR imminent Audi A6 Q1 2019 Audi A8 Q1 2019 Audi E-tron June 2019 Audi TT facelift Q2 2019 Audi Q3 Q2 2019 Audi Q8 imminent BMW 8 Series Q1 2019 BMW X7 TBC BMW Z4 Q1 2019 Fiat 500X facelift TBC Ford Ranger update 2019 Ford Everest update 2019 Hyundai Atos 2019 Hyundai Styx 2019 Jaguar F-Pace SVR imminent Jaguar I-Pace Q1 2019 Jeep Cherokee facelift imminent Jeep Renegade facelift Q1 2019 Jeep Wrangler 2019 Lexus ES imminent Lexus UX January 2019 McLaren Senna imminent Mercedes-AMG A35 TBC Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door 2019 Mercedes-Benz A-Class Sedan Q1 2019 Nissan Leaf TBC Pagani Huayra Roadster imminent Renault Koleos TBC Renault Kwid facelift imminent Rolls-Royce Cullinan imminent Subaru Forester…

Almost a decade ago, Audi unveiled what was to be the first of a long line of EV showcases under the E-tron banner, a midsize AWD sportscar. Back then, Audi was well aware EVs were very much outsiders in the automotive sphere but, as the years progressed, each subsequent E-tron concept incorporated more practical elements, all while the acceptance of electric mobility grew. From this progression of electric supercars to more real-world crossovers and SUVs – plus the addition of E-tron know-how to a number of its models – the firm’s first production-series EV marks a milestone in technological achievement, but also a fundamental shift in the company’s motoring mind-set.…

NOT much changes with Kimi Räikkönen. He makes his F1 debut with Sauber when no one expects it. Then, 17 years, a world championship and 20 wins later, he signs off the final laps of his F1 career by making a surprise return to the team from Switzerland. “Symmetry” and “Räikkönen” are not words you would expect in the same sentence. In fact, you could say his first association with Sauber was a surprise, even to the man in charge. Peter Sauber knew little about Räikkönen, mainly because the 21-year-old Finn had done no more than 23 races … in total. The first mention came from the late David Robertson, a driver manager with a keen eye and a persuasive line of chat. Not only did the Englishman coax Sauber…

BMW X4 xDrive20i Steptronic Engine: 2,0-litre, 4-cyl, turbopetrol Trans: 8-spd AT Power: 135 kW Torque: 290 N.m 0-100 km/h: 8,3 sec Top speed: 215 km/h C02 : 178 g/km Fuel cons: 9,4 L/100 km Pro: smooth engine Con: but not exactly punchy Claimed figures BMW X4 xDrive20d Steptronic Engine: 2,0-litre, 4-cyl, turbodiesel Trans: 8-spd AT Power: 140 kW Torque: 400 N.m 0-100 km/h: 8,0 sec Top speed: 213 km/h C02 : 148 g/km Fuel cons: 6,7 L/100 km Pro: torque really punches Con: gruff at idle Claimed figures…

SHOULD we even be surprised Kia eventually cracked its family-focused mould and launched a model taking aim squarely at the performance divisions of the mighty German establishment? You’d imagine the man tasked with changing the shape and image of the Kia brand in 2006 – chief designer Peter Schreyer – may have kept a few coupé-shaped doodles to revisit on a rainy day or, you know, once he’d adequately fulfilled his initial mandate. Having penned the groundbreaking original Audi TT, Schreyer’s team alluded to a potential Kia-branded fastback GT as early as 2011 with the unveiling of the GT Concept at the Frankfurt Motor Show. Three years later and the Stinger name made its first appearance on another striking Schreyer design (GT4 Stinger) at the North American International Auto Show.…

ALTHOUGH the closely contested automotive arms race between the German Big Three can be dated to the early 20th century, these firms broke premium-hatchback ground only within a year or so of one another in the 1990s. With BMW’s E36 3 Series-based Compact treading its own RWD path, it was the sales rivalry between Mercedes-Benz’s A-Class and Audi’s A3 that set the premium-hatch-segment rolling. Closely based on the VW Golf, the A3 represented a safe approach to the new field, majoring in refinement and build quality as adjuncts to a badge that, at the time, did not hold quite the same cachet as the Three-pointed Star. Benz adopted the opposite method, hinging innovations such as a space-creating and crash-safety-improving “sandwich” chassis construction to a brand already possessed of a powerful…

AS winning streaks go, Volvo’s is an astonishing one. Following years spent languishing in the massive shadow of owners Ford, China’s Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Ltd stepped in with a US$1,8 billion cheque, taking ownership of the Swedish brand and spending more money on developing new hardware. Today, the results are undeniably impressive; in 2017, Volvo sold a record 571 577 vehicles. One of the main contributors to that tally was this new XC60. It’s little wonder this SUV has been attracting positive attention. In our August 2018 road test of the T6 R-Design, we awarded it an impressive 81 points out of a possible 100, recording its cruising abilities, superb packaging and competitive pricing as big pluses. We did, however, have reservations about two aspects: whether the R-Design package…

AMID the flurry of excitement and, ahem, buzz surrounding Jaguar Land Rover’s plans to introduce its first-ever all-electric vehicle to the South African market next year, the Jaguar brand especially will be hoping the arrival of the I-Pace will raise the profile of an already established family of leaping-feline-branded SUVs. The success of these plans seems inescapably hinged on the rand-pound exchange rate. As impressive as the F-Type Coupé and F-Pace SUV are, for example, the pricing structures associated with these ranges continue to place them at the mercy of some serious competition. Another example of this unfortunate fiscal trend is the E-Pace midsize range launched early this year. Boasting the kind of fresh, distinct lines and clever packaging demanded in this fast-growing, notably image-conscious segment, the summary of our…

SOUTH Africans’ fondness for the family bus precedes its fervent love for the SUV. The bus is the original lifestyle vehicle offering space and versatility for the larger family keen to go places and experience the outdoors. The automotive landscape has evolved drastically in the last two decades and has seen the rise of the crossover and decline of the sedan. However, judging by the numbers on our roads, the venerable family bus remains a constant. It was mostly the German version associated with red veldskoene responsible for crafting the early memories. In 2009, Hyundai joined the fray with its value-for-money H-1 option and it has sold more than 14 000 units to date of the passenger version. A recent facelift gave us the opportunity to re-evaluate the vehicle. The…

Few motoring experiences are more thrilling than sitting in the passenger seat of a sportscar as a professional driver takes you around a circuit. Starting at R3 850, Pablo Clark Racing offers four high-speed passenger laps of Zwartkops Raceway in a 360 Challenge racecar. Want to take the wheel? Three different packages are available ranging from R9 800, to R19 900 for 40 minutes on the track followed by two hot laps as a passenger. Book well in advance and ex-F1 racer Ian Scheckter might be there on the day for these memorable hot laps.…

IT IS A COMMON MISTAKE TO VIEW A TURBOCHARGER AS AN ADD-ON COMPONENT TO AN ENGINE, LIKE YOU WOULD AN ALTERNATOR. THEREFORE, THE ASSUMPTION IS, WHEN IT FAILS, IT IS THE TURBO’S FAULT AND A NEW UNIT IS NEEDED. AS THE TURBO IS SUCH AN INTEGRAL PART OF AN ENGINE, EXTERNAL PROBLEMS OFTEN CAUSE FAILURE AND WILL DO SO AGAIN TO THE NEW UNIT IF THE ROOT CAUSE ISN’T ADDRESSED. 1 LACK OF LUBRICATION The number one killer is a lack of lubrication. Owing to the fact a turbo can spin quicker than 200 000 r/min means the boundary-layer lubrication at the bearings is critical. If for some reason the correct-specification oil does not reach these areas at the correct pressure, turbo failure is imminent. Lubrication problems may include incorrect…

JERKING POLO I am hoping you can impart some knowledge. I have taken my 2003 Polo Classic 1,4 to numerous mechanics (including Volkswagen), but no one can fix the issue. The car jerks in all gears while cruising or accelerating. I’ve changed petrol and air filters, spark plugs, replaced two coils and disconnected the exhaust-gas recirculation valve. Mechanics say it is not the throttle body, so they don’t know. The problem is worse when it rains and the EPC light comes on some times. Any ideas, as I have lost faith in the technicians? MARK WILSON Email When the EPC (electronic power control) light is lit, it means the ECU has found a problem with one of the powertrain sensors or systems. Best is to take the car for a…

MOVING from the rural ages to the industrial, the sounds around us gradually progressed from the animal to the mechanical. Although never as versatile, scary or enjoyable as nature’s soundtrack, it nonetheless begs the question: is there something in the sound of an internal-combustion engine that could still appeal to our ears in this modern age of noisy cars, trains and planes? This depends mostly on whether you are a enthusiast. If so, engines produce music as a by-product of the work they do for us. If not, an engine’s operation merely represents an intrusive noise. Since we mostly fall into the first category, let’s take a closer look. All sound waves have an amplitude and a frequency or, more simply put, loudness and speed. So, the higher the amplitude,…

THE DRIVER Born in Lyon, France, in 1966, like many before him, Olivier Panis’ path to Formula One was paved by early life stints in both karting and various other junior formulas. After winning a Formula Renault championship in 1989 and then a Formula 3000 title in 1993, Panis made his F1 debut with the Ligier team at the 1994 Brazilian Grand Prix. With a brace of podium finishes under his belt prior to arriving at the start line for the 1996 Monaco race, Panis would go on to complete 10 seasons at the pinnacle of motorsport, driving for teams such as Prost, BAR and Toyota, later assuming a test-driver role with McLaren. Competition in other forms of racing culminated with five consecutive outings in the LMP1 class at the…

Please include your physical address and telephone number. Diverse ideas and opinions are welcome, but publication of your letter doesn’t necessarily mean we agree. Please stick to a maximum of 300 words. CAR reserves the right to edit and shorten letters owing to space constraints. NICHE CONFUSION Steve [Smith, ex-editor], best wishes on your new ventures and thank you for your contributions to CAR. I have been a reader since the late Sixties and still look forward to the magazine every month. Often I have had strong opinions about things motoring and I am amazed manufacturers today are so greedy that they want to be in every single market segment. Of course, their primary mission is to make money, so that’s the way to do it. The first two paragraphs…

1933 THE PEOPLE’S CAR Newly elected German chancellor, Adolf Hitler, commissions automotive engineer Ferdinand Porsche to develop an affordable car for the German people, a volkswagen. 1935 TYPE 60 BY PORSCHE Ferdinand Porsche unveils the Type 60 prototype. Known as the Versuchswagen (“test car”) 1, or V1. Looks considerably similar to the T77 (page 28) and so Tatra sues. The Czech automaker drops the lawsuit in 1939 as Germany invades the country. 1939 BEETLE GOES TO THE ARMY Large-scale production of the chassis starts for use in military vehicles, such as the Type 82 Kübelwagen (bucket car) and amphibious Type 128 Schwimmwagen (swimming car). 1945 ALLIED CONTROL WW2 ends. The Volkswagen factory is under Allied control. The car is now officially known as the Type 1. The British military orders…

1934 Chrysler Airflow First American production car to employ aerodynamics but a lack of consumer interest meant it was a commercial failure. 1935 Voisin C28 Aerosport As a designer and manufacturer of aircraft, Gabriel Voisin applied his knowledge of aerodynamics to create this art deco masterpiece. 1914 Castagna Alfa Romeo This one-off was the first-known attempt at streamlining a passenger car. It was constructed by coachbuilder Castagna for the Italian Count Ricot. 1921 Rumpler Tropfenwagen The brainchild of Austrian aircraft designer Ernst Rumpler, its teardrop-shaped body and curved-glass greenhouse produced a low drag coefficient of just 0,28.…

WITH the reveal of the AMG Project One, it’s clear AMG is dedicated to advancing its cars into the new world of eco-friendly performance. The prologue for that is its new “53” moniker found on the GT 4-door, CLS and E-Class two-door (on the latter two, it represents their respective pinnacle AMG models). What makes it green isn’t its twin-turbo 3,0-litre straight-six engine, but rather the EQ Boost system, which generates power for a 48 V supply and feeds an electric motor fitted between the engine and transmission, transforming it into a mild hybrid. Independently, this electrical setup can produce 16 kW and 250 N.m of torque propelling the E53 at coasting speeds. It also sends power to the rear wheels while the twin turbochargers spool and so eliminates turbo…

KIA STINGER 3,3T GT  price R849 995 cyl/capac (cm3 ) V6/3 342 power (kW/r/min) 272/6 000 torque (N.m/r/min) 510/1 300-4 500 gears/drive 8/R 0-100 km/h (sec) 4,99 max speed (km/h) 270 fuel index (L/100 km) 12,24 luggage capac (L) 296/976 serv/maint plan M5/90 000 km OUR VERDICT Purposeful-looking, a strong performer and impressively comfortable, the limited-number Stinger GT represents an encouraging warning shot across the bows of the German establishment. AUDI S5 SPORTBACK QUATTRO TIPTRONIC  price R936 000 cyl/capac (cm3 ) V6/2 995 power (kW/r/min) 260/5 400 torque (N.m/r/min) 500/1 370-4 500 gears/drive 8/4 0-100 km/h (sec) 4,7 est max speed (km/h) 250 fuel index (L/100 km) 9,00 luggage capac (L) 328/760 serv/maint plan M5/100 000 km OUR VERDICT Alongside…

AUDI A3 SPORTBACK 1,4T FSI S TRONIC  price R456 000 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/1 395 power (kW/r/min) 110/5 000 torque (N.m/r/min) 250/1 500-3 500 gears/drive 7/F 0-100 km/h (sec) 8,20 est max speed (km/h) 220 fuel index (L/100 km) 5,90 luggage capac (L) 280/928 serv/maint plan M5/100 000 km OUR VERDICT The most rounded single model in the premium-hatch segment, the A3’s bank-vault build quality, refinement and competitive pricing are hard to match. It's more spacious than the A-Class, too. MERCEDES-BENZ A200 7G-DCT  price R500 012 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/1 332 power (kW/r/min) 120/5 500 torque (N.m/r/min) 250/1 620-4 000 gears/drive 7/F 0-100 km/h (sec) 8,78 max speed (km/h) 225 fuel index (L/100 km) 6,72 luggage capac (L) 272/976 serv/maint…

VOLVO XC60 D5 AWD INSCRIPTION  price R779 736 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/1 969 power (kW/r/min) 173/4 000 torque (N.m/r/min) 480/1 750-2 250 gears/drive 8/4 0-100 km/h (sec) 8,37 max speed (km/h) 220 fuel index (L/100 km) 6,72 luggage capac (L) 360/1 232 serv/maint plan M5/100 000 km OUR VERDICT More expensive, yes, but its standard spec easily bests that of the Q5 and GLC. Eschewing any pretences to sportiness, the XC60 D5 is a pleasure to drive every day. AUDI Q5 2,0 TDI QUATTRO S TRONIC  price R704 000 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/1 968 power (kW/r/min) 140/3 800-4 200 torque (N.m/r/min) 400/1 750-3 000 gears/drive 7/4 0-100 km/h (sec) 7,90 est max speed (km/h) 218 fuel index (L/100 km) 5,9 luggage…

MERCEDES-BENZ GLC300 COUPÉ 4MATIC 9G-TRONIC  price R878 891 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/1 991 power (kW/r/min) 180/5 500 torque (N.m/r/min) 370/1 300-4 000 gears/drive 9/4 0-100 km/h (sec) 6,50 est max speed (km/h) 236 fuel index (L/100 km) 9,1 luggage capac (L) 272/1 000 serv/maint plan M6/100 000 km OUR VERDICT Sleek styling on solid C-Class underpinnings. The assurance of 4Matic all-wheel drive and a 180 kW powertrain has the measure of the P300 in both performance and efficiency. RANGE ROVER EVOQUE HSE DYNAMIC Si4  price R968 046 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/1 999 power (kW/r/min) 177/5 500 torque (N.m/r/min) 340/1 250 gears/drive 9/4 0-100 km/h (sec) 7,30 est max speed (km/h) 217 fuel index (L/100 km) 8,6 luggage capac (L) 264/856…

HYUNDAI H-1 2,5 CRDi BUS ELITE AT  price R629 900 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/2 497 power (kW/r/min) 125/3 600 torque (N.m/r/min) 441/2 000-2 250 gears/drive 5/R 0-100 km/h (sec) 11,99 max speed (km/h) 180 fuel index (L/100 km) 11,76 luggage capac (L) 616/2 800 serv/maint plan S5/90 000 km OUR VERDICT The H-1 has proven itself as a back-to-basics, reliable family transporter with a surprising amount of standard creature comforts. Automatic transmission and rear-wheel drive are bonuses. FORD TOURNEO CUSTOM 2,2 TDCi SWB LIMITED 6MT  price R590 700 cyl/capac (cm3 ) 4/2 198 power (kW/r/min) 114/3 500 torque (N.m/r/min) 385/1 600 gears/drive 6/F 0-100 km/h (sec) n/a max speed (km/h) 157 fuel index (L/100 km) 7,80 luggage capac (L) n/a…

WHILE riding this compact GS, I was reminded of my 1970s motorcycling days. This was back when 16-year olds were allowed to get licences for only 50 cm3 motorbikes. Never mind pint-size, these were tot-measure engines, but the best part was being able to dice your schoolmates (there were many different makes of bikes) using full throttle and timing your gear changes to perfection … all without breaking the speed limit. With high-powered bikes these days, you have to be exceedingly careful to control the power so as not to fall victim to speed traps and accidents. This is where the latest BMW comes in. With 313 cm3 and a single cylinder at your disposal, you can have a lot of fun without necessarily getting into trouble. The GS forms…

Back in the day, diesel-powered Mercedes-Benzes were favourites of farmers because they did not pay duty on the farm diesel they used for their tractors and trucks (and, therefore, their Benzes, too). That’s why, in the early 1960s, waiting lists were long… Thinking of the Solex/Zenith/Stromberg carburetion as mentioned in the article, the W123 Mercedes-Benz 200 used a Stromberg, a constant-depression design like the SU. Other descriptions for constant depression are “constant vacuum” and “constant velocity”, meaning the design aims to keep the air velocity through the carburettor constant. We also noticed the 190C test unit of 1963 had a white steering wheel, while later cars featured black wheels (with the exception of the six-cylinder models, which retained white). VW similarly changed the colour palette from white to black on…

Fresh from this year’s Hannover Motor Show, Nissan’s Navara Dark Sky concept combines the seemingly polar opposites of rugged bakkie and astronomy. Developed in conjunction with the European Space Agency (ESA), the Dark Sky features an advanced trailer housing power cells from the company’s Leaf EV and the ESA’s PlaneWave high-power telescope array. It also showcases more practical features such as enhanced versions of Nissan’s adaptive cruise control and trail-management systems, which will spill over to production models.…

CAR: Has Audi been watching any other players in the EV market, such as Tesla? GM: Tesla has certainly had a huge impact on both the technology and people’s perceptions of electric vehicles, so we studied the nature of its battery chemistry and set that as a sort of benchmark for our E-tron powertrains. Even so, we’re confident we’ve equalled, if not surpassed, Tesla in terms of battery technology. What aspects of the E-tron will reduce consumers’ concerns regarding safety and range anxiety? From a safety aspect, the battery array’s “box in a box” cell configuration, where each module has its own compartment, distributes crash forces to lessen the chance of cell-rupture fire. It also needs to be noted 90% of normal braking behaviour will recuperate up to…

CELICA SUPRA (A40) 1978-‘81 Engines: 2,0-, 2,6- and 2,8-litre inline-sixes Power: 82-92 kW 0-100 km/h: 10,2 sec (2,8) CELICA SUPRA (A60) 1981-‘86 Engines: 2,0- and 2,8-litre inline-sixes Power: 93-133 kW 0-100 km/h: 9,8 sec (2,8) SUPRA (A70) 1986-‘93 Engines: 2,0-, 2,5- and 3,0-litre (turbocharged) inline-sixes Power: 119-206 kW 0-100 km/h: 6,4 sec (3,0) SUPRA (A80) 1993-2002 Engines: 3,0-litre (naturally aspirated and turbocharged) inline-sixes Power: 206-243 kW 0-100 km/h: 4,6 sec (turbo)…

Engine: 1,6-litre, 4-cyl, petrol Trans: 3-spd manual Power: 49 kW Torque: 115 N.m 0-100 km/h: 17,9 sec Top speed: 117 km/h Mass: 965 kg What you need to know In the late-1950s, Swede Gunnar Andersson entered his PV444 in the Greek Acropolis Rally, netting a third-place finish. The following year, Volvo employed him as part of an expansive marketing campaign on the back of his racing achievements.…

FEATURES CHECKLIST Airbags: front/side/curtain/knee Air-con: dual-zone climate Audio system: radio/CD/MP3/aux-in/Bluetooth/voice control/USB Cruise control: std, adaptive Sat-nav: no Park assist: std Windows: all-electric Trip computer: standard Driver seat adjust: electric, incl. height Folding rear seat: 60:40 split Upholstery: leather Isofix anchorages: outer rear Steering adjust: electric rake + reach Steering audio controls: std Tyre sensors: std Wipers auto-on: std Headlamps auto-on: std…

FEATURES CHECKLIST Airbags: front/side/curtain Air-con: manual Audio system: radio/MP3/aux-in/USB/Bluetooth/voice control Cruise control: standard Sat-nav: optional Park assist: optional Windows: all-electric Trip computer: std Driver seat adjust: manual, incl. height Folding rear seat: 60:40 split Upholstery: cloth Isofix anchorages: outer rear Steering adjust: rake + reach Steering audio controls: std Tyre sensors: standard Wipers auto-on: std Headlamps auto-on: std…

FEATURES CHECKLIST Airbags: front/side/curtain/knee Air-con: dual-zone climate Audio system: radio/CD/MP3/aux-in/Bluetooth/voice control/USB Cruise control: standard Sat-nav: standard Park assist: standard Windows: all-electric Trip computer: standard Driver seat adjust: electric, incl. height Folding rear seat: 60:40 split Upholstery: leather Isofix anchorages: outer rear Steering adjust: rake + reach Steering audio controls: standard Tyre sensors: standard Wipers auto-on: standard Headlamps auto-on: standard…

FEATURES CHECKLIST Airbags:front/side/curtain Air-con:dual-zone climate Audio system:radio/CD/MP3/aux-in/Bluetooth/voice control/USB Cruise control:standard, adaptive Sat-nav:standard Park assist: standard Windows:all-electric Trip computer:standard Driver seat adjust:electric, incl. height Folding rear seat: 60:40 split Upholstery: leather Isofix anchorages: outer rear Steering adjust: rake + reach Steering audiocontrols: standard Tyre sensors: optional Wipers auto-on: standard Headlamps auto-on: standard…

IT’S A SEA OF CRIMSON… Except for a few white and black 308s and a newly restored yellow 365 GTB/4 Daytona, rosso paintwork covers the sinuous curves of nearly every Prancing Horse at Pablo Clark Racing (PCR) in Johannesburg. Here, the owner Paolo Cavalieri’s passion is on proud display. PCR was founded in 1980 when Cavalieri chose the pseudonym “Pablo Clark” because he wanted to go racing without his parents’ knowledge. Why that name? Well, the initials are the same as his own and it’s in honour of a hero of his, Jim Clark, who Cavalieri saw piloting a Lotus at Kyalami when he was a young boy. Racing remained in the picture and, in 1981, Cavalieri drove for the BMW factory team. From 2007 to ’09, PCR was the…

• Always service your engine according to the service schedule, paying special attention to the specification of oil. • Fix engine problems immediately, including intake and boost leaks. • As good practice (although not strictly needed with modern watercooled turbos supplied by electric water pumps), let the engine idle for a minute after hard driving. • When a turbo fails, find the root cause before replacing the unit. • Request the turbo oil-feed pipes to be replaced when a turbo change is required (or after 100 000 km), as a coked supply line has the same effect as cholesterol to arteries. • Never dry-start a new turbo. Ensure the proper lubrication procedures are followed when a new turbo is installed.…

LEAKING INJECTORS Lukas van As artificially inseminates animals and he has never shown enthusiasm for any human endeavour, except for his day-to-day activity which involves putting his arm up a cow’s rear-end. He earns enough money to be regarded as an eligible bachelor; however, his lukewarm demeanour towards any social activity makes the girls shy away from him. It has also earned him a two-stage nickname: he’s called Luke within earshot and Lukewarm otherwise. Lukewarm owns a 2010 Volkswagen Touareg 3,0 TDI V6. It leads a particularly hard life because inseminators often have to negotiate farm tracks to get to the cows and the vehicle has coped very well; until now. According to Lukewarm, the fuel consumption recently started to increase and the idling became rougher. The other day, the…

EV CHARGING STANDARDS On reading CAR’s article on the Jaguar I-Pace (August 2018), I wondered if an agreement has been reached among manufacturers on standardisation of charging stations? It would be annoying, to put it mildly, if you got to, say, Colesberg, and found a plug doesn’t fit. DOUG SCOTT Rhenosterspruit The current answer is “no” but hopefully the standards will eventually merge into one. Background on battery charging Remember, batteries are direct current (DC) while the electrical grid employs alternating current (AC). Therefore, to charge an electric vehicle using a wall socket at home, the AC current needs to be converted to DC by an onboard charger before the battery can be charged. The maximum power from the wall socket is limited to 3,3 kW (a 15 A socket…

SHOULD Formula One focus on exciting-looking cars, or exciting racing? It will be a mixture of both, according to plans revealed by Ross Brawn, the managing director of motorsport for Liberty Media, F1’s owners. As a former engineer and technical director with – among others – Benetton, Ferrari and his own F1 championship-winning team, Brawn is ideally qualified to understand and attempt to cure the problems presently inhibiting close racing. The Englishman sees the forthcoming regulation change due in 2021 as the ideal point to introduce radical steps embracing not only the current technical issues, but also improve the appearance of a Grand Prix car. The two are connected insofar as the ingenious exploitation of the current rules has led to the sprouting of numerous and unsightly aerodynamic flicks and…