Innehållsförteckning för August 2016 från Cycling Plus

SPECIFICATION WEIGHT 10.22kg (L) FRAME Doublebutted titanium FORK Carbon disc GEARS SRAM Rival 1x11, 40, 10-42 BRAKES SRAM Rival 1 hydraulic disc WHEELS Tubeless-ready Alex Draw 1.9P disc FINISHING KIT Fabric saddle, Maxxis Roamer 42mm tyres £2499.99 The look Charge’s Plug range looks amazing, from the entry-level steel Plug 0 singlespeed right up to this top-ofthe range titanium number. And, in our experience, if a bike looks the part it often rides superbly, too. The ride Much is written about titanium’s character and lively feel, and it rings true here. The ride is similar to a really good steel bike; it’s like a coiled spring is nestling beneath you ready to fire in the direction it’s pointed. Contact points of the Fabric Scoop Elite saddle and bar tape complement the…

WHY YOU NEED UNICH STEPLESS RATCHET MULTITOOL WRENCH £22.99 This shiny piece of workshop jewellery is perfect for chucking in the car when you’re heading to an event. Its handle houses a useful selection of hex, Torx, and screwdriver bits, while the ratcheting head has a completely stepless action. 1 Style over speed Okay, so there are certainly lighter, more technical shoes on the market, but can anything hope to match the premium shoe leather upper of the Dromarti Race Classic for sheer luxury? Surely not. 2 Comfort class These are technically sound shoes too. If it’s comfort and adjustability you’re after then the supple leather that moulds to your foot shape and the infinitely adjustable ‘lace’ fastening system match any other shoe for all but on-the-fly adjustment potential. 3…

For cyclists focused on squeezing every last bit of performance out of themselves or those of us who just want to be a bit less made of Mars Bar, Garmin’s £129.99 Index Smart Scale is a useful tool. It measures key stats such as weight, body fat and muscle mass to help you find a healthy balance and can be linked to your Garmin Connect account for online motivation. ON THE RADAR BIKE TECH OF THE NEAR FUTURE THREE’S FIRST The Italian component company 3T has made its first bike. The drop bar Exploro is an aero-focused gravel machine that takes 650b and 700c wheels and was designed by Cervélo founder Gerard Vroomen. EXPANDING FABRIC Innovative saddle maker Fabric is expanding into making pumps and funkylooking bike lights. The latter,…

Bad manners often niggle disproportionately to the misdeed. We know from everyday cycling Ibelong to a website that enables touring cyclists to stay free at each other’s homes. (It’s called Warmshowers – warmshowers.org – so its combi boiler is obviously newer than mine.) Last Friday evening a guy asked to stay on Monday night. Fine, I replied, here’s the address, what sort of breakfast would you like? (Some guest reviews can be picky: ‘Our stay was ruined. The host’s milk was organic skimmed as requested but not Fairtrade. I felt ill for the rest of the day…’) I heard no more, but stayed in Monday night, just in case. He never turned up, but emailed two days later breezily apologising with, evidently, a mass-mailout. (It began ‘Hi Tim!’. Er, I’m…

Ignore the extraneous graphics and you get a wonderfully accomplished ride SPECIFICATION Weight 8.33kg (XL) Frame Carbon Fork Carbon Gears Shimano Ultegra 50/34, 11-28 Brakes Shimano BR-RS805, 140mm rotors Wheels DT Swiss Spline R24 DB Finishing kit Wilier by FSA stem, bar and seatpost, Selle Italia X1 saddle, 25mm Vittoria Rubino Pro tyres Wilier’s revamp of its GTR line has impressed us, both in the racing-focused SL variant and the more endurance-flavoured Team version. For 2016 the long-established Trieste-based outfit has added a discbraked model, which if it delivers the same ride as the rim-braked bikes should be a real contender. Wilier usually makes good-looking machines and this is no exception, one of our Instagram followers even describing it as ‘sexy’. Not sure we’d go that far but it certainly…

An eye-catching machine that brings sculpted aero tube profiles to the world of disc brakes SPECIFICATION Weight 7.17kg (57cm) Frame Carbon Fork Carbon Gears SRAM Red 22 52/36, 11-28 Brakes SRAM Red 22 HRD, 160mm rotors Wheels DT Swiss Spline RC38c Finishing kit Profile Aeria aero stem and Canta Ergodrop aero road bar, Selle Italia SLS Monolink saddle, 25mm Continental Grand Prix 4000s II tyres German online retailer Rose has previous for producing wellspecced, great value bikes – and it’s pulled out all the stops in the CWX 8800. This is an eye-catching machine that brings sculpted aero tube profiles to the world of disc brakes. You reckon that discs are only for gravel or endurance machines? Think again. This Rose doesn’t whisper aero road bike so much as scream…

A frame dipping below 900g is a fine achievement for a machine with disc brakes SPECIFICATION Weight 7.69kg (59cm) Frame Carbon Fork Carbon Gears Shimano Dura-Ace Di2, 52/36, 11-28 Brakes Shimano BR-RS805, 160mm rotors Wheels Fulcrum Racing Quattro carbon DB, RAT thru-axles Finishing kit FSA carbon stem and bar, Prologo saddle, 28mm Continental Grand Prix 4000s II tyres Merida redesigned the standard Scultura last year, producing a super-light variant of the CF4 frame that weighed less than 700g. For 2016 the company has turned its attention to making a disc-braked version, which is never going to be quite as light, but a frame dipping below 900g is a fine achievement for a machine with disc brakes. Perhaps this bike’s most obvious feature is the series of machined aluminium ‘disc-cooler’ fins…

WE SAY This Sine Thesis means not sacrificing performance for visibility, and vice versa HIGHS Fit, ventilation, strength, practical visibility LOWS That toughness adds some weight BENCHMARK GIRO SYNTHE £199.99 ⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆ The Synthe’s smooth, compact and attractive shape has become a common sight thanks to its combination of great fit and fine performance. Optimising aerodynamics with minimal frontal area and no dragcausing protrusions, such as a spiky tail, make it faster, but cooling isn’t compromised. Giro’s streamlined aero mesh panels cover four of the helmet’s 19 vents, and the minimal Roc Loc Air retention system maintains a gap between head and shell that helps the internal channels remove heat very effectively. MOST HIGH PERFORMANCE helmets focus on cooling, fit and function, with only token consideration for visibility. MET thinks differently,…

WE SAY The EVA foam is soft yet supportive, and does a great job of maintaining its shape HIGHS Remarkably comfortable, supportive but not squishy LOWS Considerably heavier than a standard Aliante ALSO CONSIDER... FOR CLIMBING SELLE ITALIA FLITE TEAM EDITION 109.99 With a weight of just 215g this still does an excellent job of supporting your sit bones. The nose is a little wider than most, which is great for shifting your weight forward when climbing. FOR GRIP PROLOGO SCRATCH PRO 2 £109.99 The latest 220g Scratch Pro 2 uses three densities of padding. The rounded shape suits a variety of body types and the microfibre upper creates plenty of grip between saddle and slick Lycra shorts. FOR SMOOTH LOOKS FABRIC SCOOP SHALLOW RACE £59.99 The Scoop’s flexible base…

1 MAXIMUM METAL Premature fatigue may be a result of a reduction in the amount of red blood cells or haemoglobin – a protein – to carry oxygen in the blood. Iron, copper and a number of vitamins all aid haemoglobin production. You can promote the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to maximise your cycling performance. 2 LIVER LITTLE Iron comes in two forms – heme and non-heme iron. Heme iron, which is found in meat, is better absorbed than plant-based non-heme iron. One to two servings of liver per week are good ways to supply your body with essential nutrients and promote energy metabolism. There’s very little difference in the nutrient content between different types of liver, so if you’re thinking which animal’s liver you should go for just…

SALT IT OUT 1 For athletes, sweating is by far the most significant way that sodium is lost during exercise. As well as maintaining fluid balance, sodium plays important roles in nerve impulse transmission, the absorption of nutrients in the gut, maintaining cognitive function and in muscle contraction. SPOT THE SIGNS 2 Sweat rates can reach several litres per hour during hard exercise and it is easy to lose the 2300 micrograms of sodium recommended by government guidelines in just 60 minutes of cycling. As sweat losses increase, blood volume is gradually reduced. This increases the strain on your cardiovascular system, making it harder to pump blood to your working muscles and to your skin to cool your body down. RAISE YOUR LEVELS 3 Because it can’t be manufactured or…

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome refers to pain occurring at the front of the knee or around the kneecap (patella), without signs of damage to the joint. The pain comes on during or after cycling, and can be worsened by going up or down stairs or after sitting for long periods. There may be swelling or a grating or grinding sensation behind the kneecap. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES? Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome can be caused by problems in bike fit, the anatomy of the rider, poor technique or inappropriate training methods. Cranks that are too long, incorrectly placed cleats and incorrect saddle height can all place strains on the knee and soft tissues surrounding it. Discrepancies in leg length, having a wide pelvis, flat feet, or weakness of the muscles around the hip…

Heading into the Tour of Cambridgeshire time trial I was very low on confidence and expectation. After my initial foray into the world of club tens (10-mile time trials) in March I was soon sidelined recovering from eye surgery I still haven’t shaken off. It put a huge dent in my training, even more so my morale, and by the time of the race in early June I’d only been back riding, and tentatively at that, for a few weeks. I was fresh at least, but on the day felt rather overwhelmed by both the terrific production values of the race (we started on a ramp surrounded by crowds in a building adjacent to Peterborough Arena) and the riders I was up against. If it wasn’t the quality of kit…

Speed, eh? It’s not what every cyclist is about, but for many of us cycling is all about going as fast as we possibly can. And this is the supplement for you! We start off with the world’s fastest cyclists in a feature rightly called ‘the fast and the curious’. Going downhill on snow? Or gravel? Or over 200mph on a rocket-powered bike!? More practically, we have features on how to climb, descend, time trial and sprint like a pro rider, an extract from fastman Chris Boardman’s new autobiography Triumphs and Turbulence and a look at fast riders likely to blaze a trail at the Rio Olympics this summer. So, saddle up, head down, crank up the pedals and away we go……

70 Seconds faster by shaving your legs. In 2014, Specialized found, in wind tunnel tests, that you can save 70 seconds over 40km by stripping your pins. 56.8 Reputedly the fastest-ever road stage, in kph, in a professional bike race, during stage 4 of the 2014 Tour of Qatar. Propelled by a huge tailwind in the flat desert, racing was over in under two-and-a-half hours – so quick that even the VIP buffet hadn’t been laid. 181.76 Speed merchant Guy Martin’s British cycle speed record (kph), set aboard a custom, twin-chained Rourke bike for his Speed television series. Daredevil Martin travelled in the slipstream of a racing truck. 123 The current record, as ratified by Guinness, in days, for the fastest round-the-world ride. New Zealand’s Andrew Nicholson, a former Olympic…

He will undoubtedly be remembered by all sports fans for years and decades to come We think that being compared to boxer Floyd ‘Money’ Mayweather isn’t much of a compliment-this swaggering braggart (and convicted domestic abuser) is a loathsome character. And though his defensive style wasn’t to all tastes either, his 49-0 career, which saw him capture world titles at five different weights, is laudable. It marks him out as a contender for another title, one that can never be won, only debated: that of the GOAT, the Greatest of All Time. Before his resignation from British Cycling, Shane Sutton said Sir Bradley Wiggins should be considered our GOAT. “Brad’s up there with Floyd Mayweather,” he told the Evening Standard during the Track World Champs in March. “I don’t think…

I cycle in London all the time. You get to see parts of the city you wouldn’t if you commute by car or tube Riding a bike is great for maths. I’ve got a Garmin to record distances, calorie burn, elevation and I’m forever converting kilometres to miles or working out what percentage of my day has been spent on the bike. I did a few errands the other day around London and clocked-up 16 miles! It’s great having a record of that kind of thing. I started using a bike regularly when I was at Oxford. It’s an ideal town for cycling – especially when you’re a student as it’s the cheapest way to get around. I just got a standard student bike back then with a lock that…

The geometry makes for a bike that handles quickly without being twitchy SPECIFICATION Weight 8.33kg (57cm) Frame Carbon Fork Carbon Gears Shimano Ultegra/105, 50/34, 11-28 Brakes Shimano BR-RS785, 140mm rotors Wheels Shimano RX31 DB, standard quick releases Finishing kit Reparto Corse stem and bar, Fizik Aliante saddle, 25mm Vittoria Rubino Pro Speed tyres Bianchi’s partnership with the USA’s Materials Sciences Corporation has seen it use their co-developed patented Countervail vibration-damping composite, most notably in its Infinito CV bikes. The Infinito is part of Bianchi’s endurance C2C range (sea-to-sea – see what it’s done there?). Countervail consists of a special layup of the carbon fibre and resin that allows for a degree of elasticity. The claim is that this reduces high-frequency vibrations from rough road surfaces by 75 per cent compared…

Being at the top of the tree, the SL0 wears Shimano Dura-Ace Di2 and RS785 brakes SPECIFICATION Weight 7.18kg (XL) Frame Carbon Fork Carbon Gears Shimano Dura-Ace Di2, 50/34, 11-28 Brakes Shimano BR-RS785, 140mm rotors Wheels Giant SLR0 disc, carbon, standard QRs Finishing kit Giant Contact SLR carbon stem, bar and Neutral saddle, 25mm Giant P-SLR1 tyres The Defy Advanced SL chassis is at the top of an extensive lineup, ranging from a lightweight, lightly priced aluminium machine to three levels of carbon models. At a claimed 730g (M), the SL is the lightest by some margin, partly due to the integrated seatpost. The post has advantages in that the carbon can be manipulated to save weight over a clamped post and engineered to offer plenty of flex – there…

RAPHA CLASSIC £195 The Classic frame is sturdilyconstructed with metal-cored plastic arms and a tortoiseshell design. They are impressively secure thanks to a grippy fit, to the point that those with wide heads may feel pressure behind the ears. We found them comfortable, and we enjoyed the Instagram-esque tint the brown lenses lend the world. RUDY PROJECT MOMENTUM £79.99 The Momentum preserves the classic aviator lens shape, but wraps it in a matte-finish plastic frame. These offer middling levels of grip that are fine for casual cycling. Reflections are fairly minimal, and the blue-green tint offers plenty of contrast, although it has a de-saturating effect that’s slightly gloomy. TIFOSI HAGEN XL £49.99 The Hagen XLs have robust metal hinges and a chunky frame. The flexible arms are hooked for better…

GET INTO A SPIN “The last 10 minutes of a hard training session I spend just spinning the legs, keeping a high cadence,” says Lucy Garner of the Wiggle High5 team (wiggle. co.uk). “It gets all the ‘bad stuff’ such as lactic acid out of my legs and helps with muscle soreness. Whether on the rollers or on the road the spin makes a difference.” RUB AWAY THE ACHES “After a ride or a race I like the masseur to find the spots that are most sore and work on those,” says Garner. You can work on the ‘knots’ yourself on your legs or use a hand-held back massager to target them. “You may feel sore at the start of your ride the next day but it will help later…

LEARN THE LIE OF THE LAND 1 It might sound obvious but make sure that you know how long you’re going to be riding for. Check the race organiser’s website and study the route asking yourself; ‘Where are the hills?’ ‘How many of them are there?’ ‘How spaced out are they?’ Using tools like Strava, if you aren’t already, to search for the named climbs and going online to look up profile maps and even videos help to visualise the challenge ahead. RIDE IT OUT BEFOREHAND 2 If you’re able to ride some, or all, of the route ahead of the event this is great, not just for physical training but also psychological preparation. Find out where feed stations will be on the day, so you know when you can…

PLAN AHEAD I map out the season in advance and decide when I want to be in my best shape. This year that is for the Olympics in Rio. We race the World Series, so race dates are set in stone. I like my routine so that doesn’t really vary. As I get fitter during the season, the intensity of key sessions increases, and I’m getting better at having an easier week here and there. KEEP CALM The secret is not to overthink it. I want to stand on the start line knowing I have done everything I can before the race. I watch some films and catch up on emails, everything but triathlon. The pre-race routine starts when we leave the hotel, and ride down to the race venue.…

My build up for the Maratona started back in the winter but really ramped up in late May, where I’d pencilled in two sportives to find out how my legs were really doing. Both events were in South Wales but they couldn’t have been more different. The Velothon with its closed roads and fairly flat profile lent itself to my aim to complete the course without stopping, but the Dragon Ride was a completely different beast. First up, the Velothon was thoroughly enjoyable, brilliantly organised and the closed roads added some excitement alongside an overall relaxed feeling. The first 60km or so are almost pan flat and from the off my group of four riders were averaging close to 40kph – there was a great feeling of speed with minimal…

As well as the handlebars I’d designed, we had another set made by Peter Cooke, a friend and engineer at Liverpool University. These mimicked Graeme Obree’s new arms-outstretched position – the ‘Superman’ as it had been christened by the media. Graeme had devised the new set-up after the UCI had banned his previous tucked configuration, and it had helped him win the 1995 world pursuit title. Having seen him profit from his pioneering thinking before, other riders were now following his lead; both male and female Olympic pursuit titles had been won using it. I was reluctant even to try this new position because I thought a) it looked silly, and b) it somehow wasn’t proper bike riding. Balanced against my curled lip was the knowledge that a) Pete [Keen,…

SPECIFICATION Weight 10.45kg (56cm) Frame 6061 aluminium Fork Carbon fibre, aluminium steerer Gears Shimano Claris, 50/34, 11-30 Wheels Mavic CXP22 rims, Joytech hubs Brakes Shimano Claris Finishing kit Merlin stem, bar, seatpost, saddle, 25mm CST tyres Merlin’s PR7 costs a few times more than a supermarket bike-shaped object, but rides 10 times better. It has all that you’d expect from a modern road bike under a grand: an aluminium frame with a large down-tube, a Specialized-like narrower top-tube that flattens towards the seattube, and a carbon fork. And it’s yours for £375 as we go to press. It’s worth every penny even at its full £450 RRP, as the ride isn’t dissimilar to a bike costing twice as much. It even looks the part, its black paintwork contrasting well with…

RIO GRANDE Britain’s track riders will be going for gold aboard a new Cervélo. The British-made T5GB was unveiled as “the most aerodynamic model the [team] has ever ridden,” using expertise from F1, British Cycling and the English Institute of Sport. AA’S A-Z The AA has published the Cyclist’s Highway Code, despite the government resisting calls to do so. Endorsed by Chris Boardman, it covers bike maintenance, safe cycling and training. CROSS-OVER Road world champ Peter Sagan will ride the cross-country mountain bike race for Slovakia at the Rio Olympics. He started his career in the dirt as a junior. NOT IN BRUGES Bruges has lost the right to host the start of the Tour of Flanders. But its loss will be Antwerp’s and fans’ gain, with legendary Flanders climb,…

The German online bike brand is helping Brooks celebrate its 150th birthday by launching this £1500 special edition – complete with the Birmingham-based saddle people’s new Cambium saddle, leather bar grips and Land’s End rear pannier. Modern technology includes Shimano’s 11-speed Alfine rear hub and a front dynamo powering Supernova lights. This is the first time we’ve seen Continental’s CDS belt drive system, which is similar to Gates’ Carbon setup but requires less tension. A clean, practical choice for what appears to be a well-appointed urban runabout.…

A heady mix of aggressive geometry and super-low weight in a whip-fasthandling machine SPECIFICATION Weight 7.94kg (56cm) Frame Carbon Fork Carbon Gears Shimano Ultegra 52/36, 11-28 Brakes Shimano BR-RS805, 140mm rotors Wheels HED Ardennes Plus GP, QR thru-axles Finishing kit FSA SL-K stem, bar and carbon seatpost, Fizik Antares VS saddle, 25mm Continental Grand Sport Race tyres Cervélo’s R3 is without doubt one of the best racing frames currently available. It’s a heady mix of aggressive geometry and super-low weight, all wrapped up in a whip-fast-handling machine. In taking the R3 into the disc era, Cervélo has been careful in trying to retain that character. The R3 Disc’s rear end has been redesigned; the slender seatstays now flow all the way into the seattube, giving a much wider, stiffer platform…

WE SAY Portable, light and quiet – a top trainer for serious warm up fans HIGHS Light, packable, simple to use LOWS Limited resistance versatility SHORTLIST MINOURA B60-R £149.99 Minoura’s entry-level remote resistance unit is smooth, quiet and torquey enough for any training session, making it a cracking cost-effective choice. The main things you’ll notice are the impressive smoothness and low noise levels, perfect for beasting yourself in a bedsit. It’s also decent value, so a good choice as a second turbo for taking to races. ELITE ARION MAG ROLLERS £275 The Elite V-Arion Mag rollers offer three levels of resistance as well as a zero setting, which we found really useful when it came to doing high power workouts. There’s also a step to make it easier to jump…

Are pro-level race bikes unsuited to a mountain epic without a support car? Hell no So, three house salads, one double burger et two pizzas?” “Non, three house salads, one double burger, five pizzas et three frites.” It’s clear that Remy from the crazy pizza rave cave opposite our gîte in Peille can’t believe his luck. Yes, we are ordering 12 meals for six people. Yes, just like we did last night and yes, we will eat it all, and dessert. Yes, we’ll be back tomorrow and we’ll probably eat even more than before. That’s because tomorrow is our biggest day of testing. Peille is a beautiful medieval village, balancing on a natural ledge of the Alpes-Maritimes in southern France, half an hour from Nice airport and just under half…

Tart cherry juice – notably the Montmorency variety – has had a growing number of studies devoted to it. It’s been shown to be most effective for recovery and sleep. Tart cherry juice is high in polyphenols, in particular flavonoids and anthocyanins, which have high anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and are high in melatonin. THE BENEFITS For recovery, it’s been found that taking tart cherry juice will improve muscle force production and reduce soreness post exercise. Melatonin is critical to the cycles of deep sleep, and studies have shown significant increases in time in bed, total sleep and sleep efficiency with cherry juice supplementation. HOW MUCH/HOW OFTEN Take it as your post-workout shake blending it with frozen bananas, berries and whey protein to boost recovery. For improved sleep, take 30ml…

LOCAL KNOWLEDGE NEAREST STATION Kilmarnock train station is metres away from Kay Park. If you’re coming by air, Glasgow airport is the most convenient. WHERE TO STAY The Broomhill Hotel B&B (broomhill-hotel. co.uk) is the nearest to the race village. FOOD AND DRINK The Broomhill has a restaurant but if you want to stretch your legs The Longhouse (longhousekilmarnock. co.uk) is open all day long. EVENT WEBSITE marmotteecosse.com 1 DOUBLING UP This event may carry the famous Marmotte sportive moniker but in reality it has more in common with the Tour of Cambridgeshire, sharing an organiser (Golazo Cycling) and format, including a closed road time trial and gran fondo. 2 EYE ON THE PRIZE Gran fondos have surged in Britain over the past two seasons and are a logical progression…

I snapped a chain. For the first time in my life, I snapped a chain. ‘Snap!’ it went. And then ‘rattle, rattle, rattle’ as the fractured loop dragged its suddenly denatured length along the tarmac, leaving my pedals turning wildly through thin air. What a strange feeling it is, to be seated on a bike, shoes clipped into position, and going through the motion of riding a bicycle, without any of its usual effects; namely, moving forwards. In a split second I had turned from a cyclist into Harold Lloyd; the slapstick comic of a black and white era, in which people only ever rode bikes with exaggerated cadence, for laughs, often with ladders balanced across their handlebars, or down staircases. The actual snapping of the chain had been a…

CHARLES MURPHY 96.6kph/60mph The forerunner of all those chasing dragsters across the salt flats of Utah, ‘Mile-a-Minute’ Murphy was the first man ever to ride a mile in a minute on a bicycle. The American managed this in 1899, drafting a train on Long Island, with two miles of boards laid along the track to provide a smooth surface. BOBBY ROOT 136.9kph/86.1mph This sounds like a terrifying speed to travel on two wheels, but is actually the record for the world’s fastest wheelie, set by the mountain bike legend back in 2001. He was drafted up to speed by a pace car, before popping a wheelie that he managed to keep up for 9.75m. EVELYN STEVENS 47.98kph/29.81mph The American set a new female hour record at the Olympic Training Center…

A time trial is bike racing at its simplest - just you, the bike and the clock. It’s a pure test of your ability to ride a bike fast. But don’t confuse simple with easy, finish your first TT and, when you’ve wiped the sweat from your eyes, most riders will have the same thought: I want to go faster! 1 POLE POSITION All the bling kit in the world won’t make you go faster if your body acts like a giant air brake. “The rider makes up over 80 per cent of the frontal area,” says Chris Boardman, arguably Britain’s best-ever time trial rider, “and at any reasonable speed 90 per cent of the energy you produce goes into overcoming wind resistance.” Cut that resistance and you’ll go faster.…