Indholdsfortegnelse for No. 126 i All About History

EXPERT BIO PAUL CLAMMER Paul Clammer is a freelance writer and author with over 40 guidebooks for Lonely Planet and the Bradt Travel Guides' book Haiti, the first standalone book for the country in English since the 1980s. He's been travelling to Haiti since 2007, including a year living in Port-au-Prince. In November 1815, Londoners were treated to one of the grandest exhibitions of craftsmanship the city had seen for some time. 23 state carriages were put on public display in Charles Street, Marylebone. No one who saw them failed to be awed by their magnificence, from the gilt mouldings of the bodywork topped with crowned phoenixes and the finely painted coats of arms on the panels, to the luscious velvet interiors fringed with gold drapery. The carriages, along with…

GREAT BRITAIN HENRY CLINTON Clinton arrived in North America in 1775 and was commander-ln-chief of British forces from 1778 to 1782. Basing himself out of New York, his tenure coincided with the French joining the Americans, adding extra complexity to the war. Clinton was also a Member of Parliament and was to be governor of Gibraltar, but died before being able to take the position. CHARLES CORNWALLIS As second in command to Clinton for the British forces in North America, Cornwallis was left in charge of things when Clinton returned to New York after Charleston. A year later, at Yorktown, Cornwallis would surrender to the American and French troops, bringing the war to a close in the region. He went on to work in Ireland and India. MARIOT ARBUTHNOT Vice…

1429 FROM DAUPHIN TO NOTHING It could be argued that, with all his dithering in the face of the English threat, without the passionate drive of Joan of Arc the future Charles VII may never have become king at all. Her belief in divine intervention was the driving force behind his coronation, having safely escorted him through enemy territory to make it happen just the way she'd been told by' the aneels. A weak dauphin, without Joan' success at Orleans to prov God was on his side, wouk have been an easy target for the English to cement their claim to the throne. 1444 A VERY DIFFERENT DYNASTY A truce between the English and French caused rejoicing on both sides, but a marriage between Henry VI and Margaret of Anjou - a…

Book Film TV Podcast Games Other Reviews by Callum McKelvie, Emily Staniforth, Jonathan Gordon Callum McKelvie, Emily Staniforth, Jonathan Gordon Price: $27.95 Released: 7 March 2023 Ancient Greek mythology has captivated audiences for millennia. The fantastical stories of gods and goddesses, titans and nymphs, heroes and monsters, which were so real to the Greeks who worshipped the Olympian pantheon, have achieved longevity right through to the present day. In his new book, playwright and novelist John Spurling has taken five pairs of Greek mythology's greatest figures and delved into their stories to create a compelling retelling of some of the most well-known tales. Spurling splits the book into sections, taking the male-female pairs of Prometheus and Pandora, Jason and Medea, Oedipus and Antigone, Achilles and Thetis, and Odysseus and Penelope…

In Victorian Britain, circus proprietor Lord George Sanger was murdered by a crazed axeman… or was he? On 28 November 1911, Lord George Sanger, one of the most famous men in the British Isles at the time, was purportedly murdered in his own home. The supposed killer, Herbert Cooper, violently attacked Sanger with a felling axe until he lav dying. Sanger had brought joy to thousands with his empire of circus entertainments, even building Britain's first seaside amusement park. But is there more to this story than meets the eye? Author Karl Shaw has explored the mysterious events surrounding Sanger's death in his book The Killing of Lord George. Here, he discusses Sanger's amazing life and mysterious death… Who was Lord George Sanger? He was one of these people who…

Toussaint Louverture Known as the 'Father of Haiti'. Louverture is credited with turning what started out as a slave rebellion into an organised and effective revolution. Under his leadership, Haiti established its independence, but when he was invited to negotiate with the French, he was arrested and deported to France, where he died in custody. Jean-Jacques Dessalines Dessalines was the first leader of fully independent Haiti as emperor of Haiti from 1804. it was under his rule that the island was the first nation in the Americas to abolish slavery completely. He took over leadership from Louverture after he was captured by the French, but was himself assassinated in 1806, possibly by some of his former allies. Alexandre Petion The first president of the Republic of Haiti, Petion ruled in…

From the 14th to the 17th century, the city-states that now make up Italy underwent a cultural transformation. As the Middle Ages drew to a close, a 'rebirth' or 'renaissance' of art. politics, economics and philosophy emerged from the Republic of Florence and began to spread throughout the region. In a period of rediscovering the classical culture of Ancient Greece and Rome, some of the greatest artists, intellectuals and inventors like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Niccolo Machiavelli to name but a few dominated the cultural landscape and made their mark on the history of society and art. While these names are familiar to us, there was also a small but significant group of women who defied the expectations of their time and participated in arts and literary activities to…

Anthony Bacon It was the brother of Sir Francis Bacon. Anthony, who is said to have been Britain's first homosexual MP. In 1586. while in Montauban. France, he was supposedly charged with sodomy. Although the case never made it to court, in the aftermath Anthony was forced to return to England. Maureen Colquhoun Colquhoun was the Labour MP for Northampton North (1974-79) and the first openly lesbian MP. She campaigned for women's rights, seeking to introduce abortion on demand and the Protection of Prostitutes Bill in 1979. She caused controversy when asking the speaker to refer to her as 'Ms' instead of 'Mrs'. An attempt by the Labour Party to deselect her due to her sexuality was overruled, but she lost her seat in the 1979 election. Harry Britt Harvey…

Through History Golden Mummies Since 1912, the Egyptian Gallery at Manchester Museum has been delighting visitors with an array of artefacts and objects from across Egypt, Much of the exhibit was acquired from the Egyptian site of Hawara during a time when British explorers and archeologists were preoccupied with collecting antiquities from across the colonies. Today, the museum's mission is to use these pieces to challenge and interrogate imperialism and colonialism. With Manchester Museum reopening after a £15 million refurbishment, the Egyptian collection is available to view in a new exhibition. Golden Mummies of Egypt explores Egyptian history from the Graeco-Roman period and features artefacts that showcase Egypt's multicultural heritage. As the first international touring exhibition from the museum it has attracted over 450,000 visitors during its stretch in both the…

Price: £22.99 Released: Out now This reflection on the many instances, large and small, of a democratic process being brought to the people of Russia over the centuries is timely and concise. From the medieval Rus to Vladimir Putin, Maclnnes seeks to offer an overview of Russian history through its ballot boxes, parliaments, referendums and constitutions. There are two key ideas that seem to have fuelled this book for Maclnnes. The first is learning in school about the Russian Revolution and the single day that the Constituent Assembly sat before being closed by the Bolsheviks in 1918 as a singular experiment in democracy. The second is the often repeated idea that Russia is ill-suited to democracy. Maclnnes offers multiple examples of the many attempts by Russia and its neighbouring states…

WAXWORK The original sculpture was made from tinted beeswax and dressed with real fabrics for the tutu, slippers and bodice. It even used real human hair for the wig. All of these were then covered in wax. After Degas' death, his family recast the statue in bronze, making a number of replicas. POORLY RECEIVED The sculpture was shown at the Sixth Impressionist Exhibition in 1881, largely organised by Degas himself. Some of the fallout from his management (he wanted more realists at the exhibition and fell out with fellow organiser Gustave Caillebotte who wanted fewer) may explain why some critics were highly critical of the Little Dancer. BALLET RAT The model for the sculpture was Marie van Goethem, a student dancer at the Paris Opera Ballet who had previously modelled…

Places to Explore ALL ABOUT BALLET DAVID H KOCH THEATER NEW YORK CITY, UNITED STATES The David H Koch Theater was first opened in April 1964 and was commissioned by the State of New York to be part of that year's World's Fair. Originally it was known as The New York State Theater and it was only in 2008 when businessman and philanthropist David IT Koch pledged $100 million to the theatre that it was renamed in his honour. Part of the Lincoln Center, it was designed as a venue for ballet and various other dance forms. It has since become the home of the New York City Ballet and regularly hosts its performances. The Koch Theater has the capacity to seat some 2,544. The theatre's lobby includes an impressive number…

The Crystal Palace was a vast exhibition hall constructed out of glass and iron and housed in Hyde Park, central London. Designed by Sir Joseph Paxton to house the Great Exhibition of 1851. it was considered one of the wonders of its age. It was taken down in 1854 and then rebuilt at Sydenham Hill in south London, where it would remain until 1936. It was at this site that a terrifying event took place when two elephants at Sanger's circus. Archie and Charlie, broke free and went on the rampage. The animals were supposedly being teased by one of the circus workers. Charlie became incensed, broke free of his chains and attacked one of the men. trampling him and ripping him to pieces. according to a contemporary reports. Charlie…

1425 VISIONS OF HOPE At around the age of 12 or 13 joan claimed to have first heard three voices of 'angels'. At first, they encouraged her to be pious, obedient and live a good Christian life, very much in the manner of her deeply religious mother. But as time went by the message changed. Now the voices, and in some cases visions, of the angels instructed Joan to rid France of its enemy the English, and to make sure the dauphin Charles was crowned king at Reims. Convinced she had been chosen by God for the task, Joan set out to accomplish her goal. 1429 KING MAKER Despite a mix of scepticism and outright disbelief at Joan's claims, she used her unwavering faith and self-belief to persuade enough influential people to…

Released: Out now DH Lawrence's 1928 novel Lady Chatterley's Lover has always been a controversial tome. In Britain it was the subject of an obscenity trial and publisher Penguin was forced to prove the book was of literary merit. Penguin won and the case is considered something of a landmark moment in the history of British publishing. But in the United States, Australia, India, Japan and Canada this raunchy tale of an upper-class lady's affair with a servant was banned. Now, Laure de Clermont-Tonnerre (director of the 2019 film The Mustang) has helmed a new and inspiring version of the tale. She certainly prioritises style over substance, though the script by David Magee is solid and entertaining enough. Clermont-Tonnerre fills the screen with intoxicating images, particularly emphasising the beauty of…

Book of the Inquisition False accusations. Torture. Death by fire. These are the images that spring to mind when one thinks of the Inquisition, but just how violent was this war against heresy? And how did it end? Uncover the answers to these questions and many more as you step back into an age obsessed with witchcraft, eternal damnation and spiritual purity. Buy the Book of the Inquisition in shops or online at magazinesdirect.com Price: £15.99 HISTORY OF WAR RECOMMENDS… The Man with Miraculous Hands Author Joseph Kessel Price £20 Publisher Elliott & Thompson The remarkable story of Dr Felix Kersten reveals some of the most astonishing and largely unknown inner workings of Nazi Germany and one of its most notorious wartime leaders. Kersten came to be the main restraining…