At the heart of our Solar System lies the Sun, a massive yellow dwarf that has a diameter of 1,392,000km (864,950 miles) and sits 149,597,870km (92,955,807 miles) away from Earth. The electromagnetic radiation that we receive from the Sun comprises infrared radiation, visible light and ultraviolet radiation, all of which are produced by nuclear fusion at the starâs core. It is the most important energy source for our planet, providing us with the heat and light we need to survive, driving our ocean currents, seasons and weather.
Earthâs atmosphere acts as an insulating layer, helping to stop that heat escaping, but it also plays an important role in keeping us safe from some of the most harmful rays, including gamma rays and some ultraviolet radiation waves. Our atmosphere absorbs andâŚ