Indholdsfortegnelse for November 2016 i CAR

Wilhelm’s a solid bloke who is the first to put up his hand if anything needs to be done. Dependable and as honest as they come, he’s the kind of person you want next to you if you ever go to war. This month, though, he’s been demoted to cleaning the latrines. And here’s why… First, you need to turn to page 30 where you can read about a certain so-and-so’s experience driving the BMW M4 GTS, the fastest M4 yet. Oh, he also had a go in an E46 M3 CSL. Turn a few more pages and you’ll discover that a lucky individual travelled to the great Namib dunes to see what the facelifted Isuzu KB double cab is like. Your next stop is page 46, where you can…

BAKKIES vs. SEDANS I want to start by thanking you guys for a great magazine. I read it front to back every month and always look forward for the next issue. The fact that a bakkie is a necessity as a family vehicle has been debated many times on these pages, so here is how I feel about it: I have always been a sedan man. Bakkies seemed to be overly expensive and sedans have always done everything I needed. That was until the end of last year when General Motors announced that it will sell a new entry-level model, the double-cab Isuzu KB250. I was about to buy a new Corolla when the idea of actually buying a bakkie started to take seed. And, to make things even more…

The Korean giants have adopted a more mature, perhaps overly conservative design for the latest iterations of the Hyundai i30 and Kia Rio. Optimistically billed as “the new people’s car”, the latest i30 will feature an array of engines including new 103 kW 1,4 T-GDi and 88 kW 1,0 T-GDi turbopetrols and a 73 kW 1,4 MPi four-cylinder mill, as well as one diesel engine (a 1,6-litre turbocharged four-cylinder oil-burner in various states of tune). It will also spawn a number of spin-offs, including a GTI-baiting i30N. The fourth-generation Rio, meanwhile, is appreciably larger than its forebear and looks more refined, and is set to usher in a more comprehensive infotainment system and greater trim options. Engines will include a new 1,0-litre turbopetrol developing either 74 or 88 kW, as…

Volvo’s V90 Cross Country and Mercedes-Benz’s E-Class All-Terrain take the current station-wagon models and add a number of mild off-roading elements to produce a neat foil to the popular large SUV. Both feature rugged lower-body cladding, raised ride height and AWD – a multi-mode system in the All-Terrain and a Haldex type in the Swedish car. Mercedes-Benz’s new 2,0-litre turbodiesel, with 143 kW/ 400 N.m on tap, will be offered initially, while the Cross Country’s engine line-up will likely include four-cylinder turbopetrols and the new Power Pulse-equipped turbodiesel. ETA: Just the V90 CC, and only next year…

1. Volkswagen I.D. concept Due in 2020 as part of an EV product drive, the I.D. is marginally larger than the Golf 7 and features a rear-mounted electric motor serving up 125 kW and an operating range of up to 600 km. 2. Mercedes Generation EQ concept Like the VW, this concept previews an EV model line-up that will form the core of Benz’s future offerings. It’s propelled by an electric motor developing 300 kW and should arrive here towards the end of 2017. 3. Lexus UX Believed to preview an upcoming compact SUV to replace the CT200h compact hatchback. Most impressive is an interior with crystal-like displays for 3D instrumentation and touch-capacitive controls. 4. BMW X2 concept Underpinned by the same UKL platform as the X1, the X2 previews…

PORSCHE PANAMERA 4S PDK AND PANAMERA TURBO PDK PRICES: TBC ETA: November 2017 WE ARE HERE IN the lexicon of German road signs, three diagonal lines on a circular sign-board mean one thing: unrestricted autobahn. With a fast-forward command from the driver, the Panamera 4S’ new 2,9-litre turbopetrol V6 clears its throat and the eight-speed PDK (dual-clutch) transmission swiftly selects the appropriate gear. The thrust and rate of speed accumulation are impressive, only slowing marginally after an indicated 230 km/h. When traffic conditions eventually curtail the storming run, the needle nudges the 260 km/h mark. That’s impressive given the fact that the occupants are cocooned in the serene cabin and largely oblivious to the tarmac streaking past beneath them. The performance potential of the old Panamera was never in question,…

ISUZU KB300 D-TEQ DOUBLE CAB LX 4x4 PRICE: R549 800 ETA: Now WE ARE HERE THERE might be more sophisticated leisure bakkies in the market, but Isuzu is sticking to its guns with the dependable KB. This means that the facelifted range offers the same line-up of engines and transmissions and, reading between the lines of what was said at the launch, it is still a fair while before a new KB is released, even though the competition in this segment of the market has never been as fierce as right now. Let’s start with the cosmetics. The KB’s grille and headlamps have been tweaked and these now include LED daytime-running lights. There are new 16- and 18-inch wheels, while the redesigned tailgate features an integrated rear-view camera. In terms…

Price: R179 900 0-100 km/h: 12,72 sec Power/Torque: 63 kW/145 N.m Top speed: 173 km/h CAR fuel index: 4,68 L/100 km CO2: 90 g/km It’s been a long and patient 59-year wait. The last time CAR tested a two-cylinder car was way back in our inaugural year of 1957; older folk may remember the Gogomobil with its 293 cm3 parallel twin delivering all of 11 kW. It was the same year, incidentally, that we also tested a BMW Isetta that boasted a similar capacity and a 10 kW output (although that was just a single cylinder). South Africans in general have had to wait a while for this new two-cylinder engine, too – Fiat first launched this award-winning turbocharged TwinAir in 2011, claiming the World Engine Of The Year trophy…

WATER HAS EXTREMELY HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT AND LATENT ENERGY VALUES, MAKING IT AN EFFICIENT WORKING FLUID FOR COOLING Water usually douses fire, right? So why then would you add water to the air-fuel charge filling the cylinders of an internal-combustion petrol engine? Developed by Bosch, this form of water injection is being used in the BMW M4 GTS (see the driving impression on page 30) and the German automaker is adamant that it will be a key future technology to increase power and decrease fuel consumption in all petrol engines. We investigate the system’s theory and relevance. INCREASING POWER OUTPUT BY VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY GAIN With no chemical energy released from the water during combustion, you might wonder how it increases the power output of an engine. Water vapour is no…

Run-flat tyres may be standard fitment on many vehicles, but they’re not everyone’s favourite type of rubber. While the security benefit of being able to carry on driving after a deflated tyre is obvious, they are more expensive than normal rubber and in some cases affect ride quality. To find out how this type of tyre has come about, we asked Bridgestone South Africa about its DriveGuard run-flat tyre technology. HISTORY The basic theory dates back to the 1930s, when material inners were used as protection in the event of a rapid loss of pressure. Many different types of run-flat tyres have been tried over the years, including a supporting ring inside the wheel that’s fixed to the rim. These days, inserts in the tyre sidewalls support the vehicle’s mass…

WITH the tremendous success Ford enjoyed with the Cortina Mk1, the new version was a bit of a gamble, showcasing an all-new, squared-off, three-box design language markedly different from its more 1950s-influenced predecessor. Fortunately, this second-generation Cortina again proved popular with buyers, and in this issue we will focus on the standard models, leaving the more performance-focused GT, Lotus Cortina, Meissner and Perana derivatives for a separate issue. PACKAGING Although it looks longer, this second-generation Cortina was actually slightly shorter than the Mk1, but is wider and lower with an increased glass area. The boot size, however, had expanded to 21 cubic feet, or 594 dm3 , which is significantly bigger than many of today’s cars. In our February 1969 test of the station wagon fitted with the 1600 cross-flow…

970 kW <1 300 KG <2,5 SEC 355 KM/H 4 CYLINDERS. 3 ELECTRIC MOTORS. 1 000+ HORSES The R50’s powertrain will likely comprise a mid-mounted, 2,0-litre, four-cylinder turbopetrol complemented by a trio of electric motors – one in each front wheel and one in the transmission housing. This powertrain could produce as much as 970 kW (1 300 hp) and will be developed by Mercedes-AMG Performance Powertrains, the same folks responsible for the hybrid systems in the AMG Petronas F1 cars. GOSSAMER GULLWING Inspired by both LMP and classic racers such as the 300SLR (note those gullwing doors), the R50’s carbon-fibre monocoque will contribute to a kerb weight of less than 1 300 kg. Occupants will sit near-recumbent in a cabin equipped with a head-up display, seats with inflatable bolsters…

AMG GT Roadster 350 kW 650 N.m 40 sec 302 km/h AMG GT C Roadster 410 kW 680 N.m 3,7 sec 316 km/h Mercedes-AMG has peeled off the top from its much-vaunted GT and brought forth a brace of high-performance stablemates in the shapes of the AMG GT Roadster and the hotter AMG GT C Roadster. Both utilise the company’s 4,0-litre biturbo V8, while the more powerful GT C ushers in some technical bits from the fire-breathing AMG GT R, including active rear-axle steering, a locking rear differential and a wider tail that accommodates a broadened rear wing and sports exhaust. Both employ electrically folding canvas roofs operable at speeds of up to 50 km/h. ETA: Q2 2017…

Audi’s second-generation A5 Sportback and S5 Sportback models echo the coupé’s subtle design, but add a dose of extra practicality in the shape of two additional doors granting access to a cabin with 24 mm more rear kneeroom. Under the Sportback’s skin, a combination of new materials and underpinnings shave up to 85 kg off the previous model. At launch, there will be two petrol and three diesel engines for the A5 Sportback, producing between 140 kW and 210 kW. The S5 Sportback’s 3,0-litre V6 turbo engine churns out 260 kW and 500 N.m, allowing a 0-100 km/h sprint of 4,7 seconds. ETA: shortly after the A5 Coupé’s arrival in Q1 2017…

# 1 HARRY’S LAPTIMER GRAND PRIX R122 If you spend a lot of time at the track, this handy lap timer will record your performance. Android & iOS # 2 FUELIO FREE It’s easier to save fuel when you’re tracking your usage. This app not only lets you jot down your fuel costs, but other motoring expenses too. Android # 3 SLEEPY DRIVER FREE By using the front facing camera on a phone mount, this app monitors your eyelids and alerts you if you’re about to doze off behind the wheel. Android # 4 PARKING REMINDER FREE Do you often forget where you parked your car? This simple app places a stamp on your phone’s map to remind you where you stopped. Android & iOS # 5 AUTOMATE FREE Automate…

PORSCHE 718 CAYMAN PDK PRICE: R854 000 ETA: Now WE ARE HERE PART of me is dreading turning the key. We all savoured the magnificent sound of the previous-generation Cayman’s flat-six engines that ingested fresh air straight from the atmosphere, and this is the first time I will hear its new four-cylinder, turbopetrol replacement. Much has been said about its aural shortcomings. The engine fires with a mechanical noise that is neither melodic nor aggressive, and my trepidation increases – has the Cayman lost some of its soul? A quick discussion with Porsche personnel before I commenced my drive confirmed that they miss the six cylinder, too: “Unfortunately, in a world with more pressure on efficiency, engine downsizing had to happen.” They add an important caveat, though: “This is the…

MERCEDES-BENZ C350e 7G-TRONIC PRICE: R804 900 ETA: Now WE ARE HERE EVEN by the usually unrealistic manufacturer-quoted figures, the C350e’s claimed 2,1 L/100 km fuel consumption stat is an eyebrow raiser. As we all know, these NEDC test-derived claims are highly conservative and virtually impossible to replicate in real-word driving conditions ... and this is especially so for hybrid vehicles. Could the C-Class plug-in-hybrid surprise us and make a case for itself on efficiency alone? During the press launch’s city-drive section as we left Benz’s home of East London, we primarly used electric-only mode, with a rare burst from the 2,0-litre, turbopetrol engine. Somewhat astonishingly, the fuel consumption readout hovered at 3,0 L/100 km. Then we hit the highway, but more about that later... In creating the C350e, Mercedes started…

FEW brands can claim to live up to their company slogan with the same commitment and consistency this Korean automaker has displayed. “The Power To Surprise” has driven impressive generation-to-generation leaps that have seen its hatchbacks, sedans, crossovers and SUVs move from occupying budget segments to becoming vehicles that are praised for their award-winning design, state-of-the-art technologies and class-leading customer-satisfaction ratings. Perhaps more than any other KIA, the Sportage has transformed customer perceptions of the brand. KIA Motors South Africa’s Marketing Director, David Sieff, elaborates: “The Sportage pioneered the current affection for SUVs that aren’t boring, purely practical people movers. The all-new model appeals to a more discerning SUV driver who wants not only the core benefits that come with driving an SUV, such as space and practicality, but also…

OPEL CORSA 1,4 TURBO SPORT WHEN time was called on my previous long-termer, the Renault Mégane 97 kW GT-Line, the Corsa’s arrival appeared to be a case of same story, different car; trading one sporty looking but modestly powered hatchback for another. But, as likeable as they are, it’s actually a bit tricky to ascertain exactly what these cars are all about. Their cosmetic accoutrements hint at snap shifts and the ability to humble workaday hatchbacks, but under their bonnets whir engines that don’t possess the firepower to stand toe to toe with their respective RS-and OPC-badged peers. It’s easy to label them automotive paper tigers, but the year spent with this range-topping Corsa brought home just why there is an unusual appeal to such cars. While the cosmetic treatment…

In the highly contested compact-SUV segment, becoming a crowd favourite is no mean feat. Winning the popularity contest while surrounded by capable, strong and attractive performers requires a unique set of talents and no small amount of personality and appeal. Since its launch in 2007 (2008 in South Africa), the Volkswagen Tiguan has managed to tick all of these boxes and, considering the significance of the segment, has become a very important product in the Volkswagen stable. Having sold more than 2,8 million units of this talented compact SUV globally – of which more than 19 000 units have been sold in South Africa – it ranks among the ever-popular Passat and Polo in terms of unit sales. The latest Tiguan, now in its second generation, promises to exceed its…

As part of the Mercedes-Benz adVANce initiative, the Vison Van concept study has been specifically designed to deliver items bought by online shoppers. It is powered by a 75 kW electric motor, has an operating range of up to 270 km and is fully connected, with the information about its contents and location available to the delivery business’ command centre at all times. The Vison Van’s real party trick, however, is the two drones on top of the roof that can deliver packages straight to residences without the owners being home. “Equipped with an electric-drive system, the Vision Van not only operates locally emission-free, but it also moves almost silently. This means that it can be operated in cities even during times when there are traffic restrictions, or for late-night…

Age 65+ Budget ±R100 000 Status pensioner Vehicle type small, automatic hatch REQUIREMENTS Our subject lives in a retirement village and needs a compact car in order to stay mobile round town. As it’s likely to be the last vehicle this person will want to buy, we’ve narrowed our focus to solid cars that should provide fuss-free motoring for at least 10 years. THE VEHICLE With ever-increasing traffic jams putting strain on your left foot and wearing out that clutch plate, automatics are a popular choice these days. For parking ease and lower fuel consumption, a small hatch is the preferred option for many, including our pensioner. OUR CHOICE Honda Jazz 1,5 AT 0-100 km/h: 11,65 sec Top speed: 189 km/h Power: 88 kW Torque: 145 N.m CO2 : 196 g/km…

Mass reduced to 1 280 kg, as allowed by the regulations. This is compared with a 1 915 kg minimum for the old, four-wheel-drive Hilux. This significantly impacts the power-to-weight ratio, which improves performance. Move from four-wheel drive to rear-wheel drive takes advantage of the more favourable regulations governing the latter class. Lower centre of gravity means improved handling characteristics. 38 mm air restrictor on the intake that allows the engine to breathe more air (oxygen), resulting in more power from the naturally aspirated 5,0-litre V8 petrol. The engine and transmission have been moved back between the axles for improved mass distribution, with more mass sited over the driven wheels. Longer-travel suspension helps the wheels stay in contact with the extreme terrain encountered on the Dakar. Larger 12,5- x 17-inch…

 LAND Rover’s fifth-generation Discovery is underpinned by an aluminium monocoque that shaves 480 kg off an equivalent ladder-frame build and closely adheres to the design of the firm’s 2014 Vision Discovery concept. The stepped roofline lends extra space to a cabin that not only serves up 2 500 dm3 of utility space, but also boasts a seven-seat arrangement that’s genuinely capable of housing adults in its rearmost pews. SOON AFTER LAUNCH, LR WILL ADD A 2,0-LITRE DIESEL OFF-ROAD CREDENTIALS Disco 5 has 283 mm of ground clearance, a 900 mm wading depth and the latest iteration of the firm’s Terrain Response 2 system that features terrain presets, auto select and the All-Terrain Progress Control crawling system. ENGINE LINE-UP Initially, the line-up will consist of a six-cylinder turbodiesel (190 kW/ 600…

INITIAL ENGINE LINE-UP 2,0 TDI 120 kW 2,0 TDI 140 kW 30 TDI 210 kW 2,0T FSI 185 kW ETA: Q3 2017 EFFICIENCY LESS OF A DRAG The new Q5 compact SUV places efficiency front and centre. The new body design boasts a class-benchmark drag coefficient of just 0,30, with the inclusion of the new A4 Allroad’s Quattro Ultra technology, which disengages drive to the rear wheels to reduce mechanical drag, realising a 0,3 L/100 km saving on its own. Ultra technology will be offered in four-cylinder models, while six-cylinder models will feature Quattro with a centre-locking diff as standard and a sport diff as an option. SPACE AND LIGHT The new Q5 has grown in almost every direction: wheelbase, knee- and headroom, as well as luggage and utility space.…

Jaguar Land Rover’s local managing director talks about the company’s plans to counteract tough market conditions and expand its business into Africa There are new models and engines on the horizon Over the next year, we’ll be introducing the new Land Rover Discovery [see page 16] – a vehicle that will redefine the benchmarks for versatility, capability and practicality in its segment. We will introduce our new Ingenium petrol engines to certain models in both the Jaguar and Land Rover product line-ups. There are also some other exciting developments in the pipeline across both brands. We have plans to counteract the unstable rand As an importer of luxury vehicles, we are exposed to fluctuations against major currencies. While we use currency hedging as a means to mitigate risk, the huge…

BMW M4 GTS M-DCT Price: R2 150 000 Engine: 3,0-litre, 6-cyl, turbopetrol Trans: 7-spd dual-clutch Power: 368 kW Torque: 600 N.m 0-100 km/h: 3,8 sec Top speed: 305 km/h Fuel cons: 8,3 L/100km CO2 : 194 g/km Claimed figures E46 BMW M3 CSL Values: R800 000-R1 300 000 Engine: 3,2-litre, 6-cyl, petrol Trans: 6-spd automated manual Power: 265 kW Torque: 370 N.m 0-100 km/h: 4,9 sec Top speed: 259 km/h Fuel cons: 11,9 L/100km CO2 : 287 g/km Claimed figures I adjust the rear-view mirror and a large rear wing and the arms of a dark orange roll-cage dissect my view. Few road cars offer such a perspective, and when they do, you’re pretty much guaranteed a special experience. Johannesburg’s traffic is no place for BMW’s limited-edition M4 GTS, of which…

RENAULT MÉGANE 97 KW TURBO GT-LINE PRICE: R339 900 ETA: Now WE ARE HERE Ask any South African to name a modern Renault and I’ll bet the Mégane is very likely at the top of the list – much like “Golf” would be the answer if you replaced Renault with Volkswagen. It’s no wonder given that this C-segment hatch spearheaded the French firm’s re-entry into the local market and, since introduction in 1996, over 25 000 five-door Méganes have been sold here over three generations. Now, Renault SA plans to build on that solid foundation with the launch of the fourth-generation model. Much like its predecessors, the all-new version is a stylish affair and, in the looks department, it easily holds its own against prime rivals, the Ford Focus, Mazda3,…

The quad exhaust pipes clear their throats with a rough, old-school rumble 1969 FERRARI 365 GTB/4 2016 FERRARI F12tdf PRICE: ±R11 000 000 PRICE: ±R10 000 000 PHOTOS BY: Duwyne Aspeling WE ARE HERE IT is quite a sight, isn’t it? These two glorious, front-engined Ferrari GT cars span a 47-year period between them. And the fact that neither are in the traditional Ferrari red only contributes to each car’s unique story. At the 1968 Paris Motor Show, Ferrari unveiled the successor to the E-Type-esque 275 GTB/4 and, although its official name was the 365 GTB/4, it is the unofficial moniker “Daytona” that this iconic Ferrari is known by. Following Ferrari’s success with its two 330 P4 and single 412P racecars at the previous year’s 24 Hours of Daytona…

Price: R134 900 0-100 km/h: 14,50 sec Power/Torque: 50 kW/104 N.m Top speed: 161 km/h CAR fuel index: 6,24 L/100 km CO2: 123 g/km “BE careful what you wish for, because you just might get it.” This little zen-infused adage has a knack of coming true … just ask our editor. In last month’s issue, he bemoaned the increasing unaffordability of new vehicles and called on manufacturers to build cheaper, less technologically laden options. And that’s exactly what arrived a few weeks later. The Datsun GO+ is, of course, not an entirely unfamiliar vehicle – we tested its five-door hatchback sibling in our December 2014 issue. While in that test we acknowledged the GO’s attempt at affordable mobility and commended its plucky engine, the CAR team was highly critical of…

RENAULT KADJAR 81 kW 1,5 dCi EDC DYNAMIQUE We head for the horizon in what promises to be the most appealing Kadjar in the range RENAULT South Africa’s decision to launch its complete Kadjar range to the press finished exclusively in striking Flame Red paint jobs (all with matching specification levels) temporarily flooded local media platforms with a plethora of identical-looking derivatives. However, now that the vehicle’s launch cycle is over and the red tide has receded, my new (red) long-termer is a standout in the Cape’s burgeoning SUV crowd. Not that this top-of-the-range Dynamique-spec model needs much help to stand out, considering it has such niceties as chrome roof rails and LED headlamps, with the inclusion of optional 19-inch alloy wheels and a panoramic sunroof adding further presence to…

Petrol engines run efficiently only at the correct air-fuel ratio (also known as the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, which is 14,7:1). In most cases, a petrol engine’s air intake is controlled by a butterfly valve called the throttle valve. During idling conditions, the throttle valve is closed but the engine still needs a small amount of air and fuel to keep running. The idle air-control valve (IACV) is located in a small air passage that bypasses the throttle valve. The opening of the valve is controlled by a solenoid that in turn gets its activation signal from the ECU. This allows the ECU to control the amount of air through the valve (and adjust the fuelling) when, for example, the air-con is switched on to compensate for the extra load on…

HONDA BR-V Prices from R238 900 South Africans looking to buy a light crossover/ SUV are spoilt for choice … and Honda SA has just made that decision-making process even more difficult. The Mobilio-based BR-V is the third SUV on offer from the Japanese maker and it shares the design cues seen on siblings CR-V and HR-V. All BR-V models are powered by Honda’s familiar 1,5-litre petrol engine. The four-cylinder unit produces 88 kW, with a torque peak of 145 N.m at 4 600 r/min. BR-V buyers can choose between a six-speed manual gearbox and a CVT. The newcomer has a wheelbase that is longer than that of the CR-V, which allows for the fitment of a third row of seats, providing occupancy for seven. The middle and rear rows…

2016 BMW M4 M-DCT WITH M PERFORMANCE PARTS 1:23,05 CURRENT FASTEST SIX-CYLINDER CAR 2011 NISSAN GT-R 1:19,79 BMW’s M4 may be the more focused sports-car of the two, but until now, it was only the four-door M3s that we could get our hands on, with bad weather and a fully booked track scuppering previous attempts to get Deon Joubert out in the two-door version. On a clear winter’s day, Deon was champing at the bit to get behind the wheel of the M4, especially given our test car came fitted with several M Performance parts, including a R57 000 M Performance exhaust. In between the raspy note crescendoing down the back and main straights, Deon gave the rear tyres a workout in turn two as he warmed up the M4…

“I had enough possibilities to win and the Ferrari team didn’t allow me” – Felipe Massa FELIPE Massa has been the first of F1’s old guard to announce his departure. Some say it’s overdue, citing the Brazilian’s 11 Grand Prix wins and the fact that he is retiring with an acrylic plate lining his forehead, attached by titanium screws. Escaping with his life from a freak accident in Hungary in 2009 is at the bottom of a career graph that could have Brazil 2008 as its high, when a world championship was his for about 30 seconds before discovering Lewis Hamilton had stolen the title at the final corner. Massa may not go down in history as an F1 champion, but the records fail to show how much he deserved…

Jaguar didn’t invent them – they were initially used in the aircraft industry – but the British carmaker’s engineers were the first to turn disc brakes into an effective way of repeatedly slowing down a vehicle from high speed. In the hands of Peter Walker and Peter Whitehead, a drum-braked C-Type had sensationally won Le Mans first time out in 1951, but an attempt to modify the C-Type’s bodywork for the ’52 race caused overheating and the Jaguars retired, leaving Mercedes-Benz to claim a one-two with its gullwinged 300 SL. For 1953’s race, however, Jaguar had a secret weapon. Made by the Dunlop Rim and Wheel Company, the now lighter and more powerful C-Types sported disc brakes made of chromium-plated mild steel with three cylinders acting on three separate brake…