Indholdsfortegnelse for January - February 2020 i Family Tree

New Year’s is all about new beginnings, where we all resolve to improve in the new year. Maybe now, after the holidays, you want to make more time for family. In this issue, Contributing Editor Sunny Jane Morton shares her favorite online tools for planning a family reunion (page 48). And if you want to preserve your own story in the new year, you’ll love Richard Campbell’s tips for writing a memoir (page 42). No matter what your resolution is, our Goal-Planning Worksheet (page 15) will help you accomplish it. At Family Tree, we’re resolving to provide you with great genealogy advice in even more ways: › The Family Tree Podcast, hosted by Lisa Louise Cooke, made a return in November after a hiatus. Listen for free each month <www.familytreemagazine.com/podcasts>.…

THE EARLIEST EXAMPLE of makeup—considered by the archeologists who found it to be one of the hallmarks of “modern life”—was found in a South African cave. The nearly 60 pieces of reddish, powdery rock were used to adorn faces some 164,000 years ago. Makeup is even mentioned in the Old Testament, where the Book of Kings describes Jezebel painting her eyelids. And the Roman philosopher Plautus is said to have opined, “A woman without paint is like food without salt.” During its long history, makeup has seen many ups and downs—from literally poisoning its wearers to being condemned as vulgar to becoming the foundation (pun intended) of multi-million-dollar empires. 3000 B.C. Chinese men and women begin staining fingernails with gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax and egg white. The colors reflected the…

NEW HAMPSHIRITES LIKE being ahead of the pack—their state was the first to break off from Great Britain in 1776, and the first to have its own state constitution (1776). It established the country’s first publicly funded library (1833), and (since 1952) has held the nation’s first presidential primary every four years. The Granite State’s history of firsts began in the 1620s, when England gave Capt. John Mason a grant to the region. Mason dubbed the land “New Hampshire” after the county in England. Colonists established New Hampshire’s first permanent settlement in 1623 and its first towns—Dover, Exeter, Hampton and Portsmouth—over the next several years. Now we’ll help you continue your New Hampshire family’s legacy by introducing you to the foremost resources for tracing them. GRANITE STATE ORIGINALS Many Brits…

When Michael Jones was a child, he lived in an isolated region in northern Maine, far away from his extended family. He remembers looking up at the dark, swirling skies one afternoon as a 6-year-old and thinking, “It’s going to be a lonely life.” His story is a universal one: America is a migratory nation. Families are geographically separated, and our kitchen table stories are getting lost in all the turmoil of change. A quick scan of the internet will find very little in terms of maintaining inter-generational connections beyond social media. The few resources on the subject suggest just the usual platitudes: Spend more time together. Do things together. Create new memories together. But for most Americans, this is not the reality. Social visits are formal and stilted, and…

1 SEARCH US RECORDS FOR CLUES ABOUT THE IMMIGRANT. Look for information such as place of origin, birth year, year of arrival (or length of residence in America), port of arrival and whether naturalized. These details will help you search for and identify the person on passenger lists. Records holding these clues include censuses, burial records, obituaries, military records, citizenship records and passports. 2 LOOK FOR YOUR ANCESTOR’S BIRTH NAME IN PASSENGER LISTS. This pre-immigration name may not be the name he or she used after arriving in America. 3 SEARCH FOR WOMEN BY THEIR MAIDEN AND MARRIED NAMES. If you can’t find a female ancestor, try searching for her children. 4 SEARCH WITHOUT A LAST NAME IF YOU KNOW THE ARRIVAL PORT AND/OR YEAR. Instead, enter other terms, such…

Websites Angel Island Immigration Station Foundation <www.aiisf.org> Castle Clinton (Castle Garden) <www.nps.gov/cacl> Cyndi’s List <www.cyndislist.com>: Check categories for Ports of Entry, Ships and Passenger Lists, Immigration and Naturalization, Ports of Departure and Societies & Groups>Ethnic Heritage. Ellis Island <www.libertyellisfoundation.org> Emigration and Immigration Rrecords and Resources <germanroots.com/ei.html> FamilySearch Wiki: US Emigration and Immigration <www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/United_States_Emigration_and_Immigration> The Great Migration: A Survey of New England, 1620–1640 <www.greatmigration.org> Immigrant and Passenger Arrivals: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications <archives.gov/publications/genealogy/microfilm-catalogs.html#immigrant> Immigrant Arrivals: A Guide to Published Sources <www.loc.gov/rr/genealogy/bib_guid/immigrant> Immigrant Ships Transcribers Guild <www.immigrantships.net> In Motion: The African-American Migration Experience <www.inmotionaame.org> Library and Archives Canada: Immigration Records <www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/immigration> The Mayflower Passenger List <mayflowerhistory.com/mayflower-passenger-list> National Archives and Records Administration (NARA): Chinese Immigration <archives.gov/research/chinese-americans/guide.html> NARA: Colonial-era Passenger Lists <archives.gov/research/immigration/passenger-arrival.html#colonial> NARA: Immigration Records <archives.gov/research/immigration> NARA: Passenger Lists Data…

We asked about your genealogy goals. Here’s how you responded. I’m still trying to locate my biological paternal grandma. She is very, very good at hiding. Sandi Sibona via Facebook MY GOAL THIS MONTH is to finish editing, and adding photographs to the book I have been researching for over 40 years. I plan to donate the over 400-page book to the historical library of the county where these ancestors lived. Beth Hanson via Facebook Fill in the blanks! I have names but not all the important dates. Then making sure I have all my sources cited correctly. Lisa Collins via Facebook I’m separating out my family tree. I had a combined tree of maternal and paternal families all in one and have decided to make four separate trees and…

As anyone who’s gone shopping for jetpacks lately knows, predicting the future is a crapshoot. When we founded Family Tree Magazine 20 years ago, we never could have predicted home DNA testing or family trees that you could view on a phone. Nonetheless, here are some educated guesses about what the next 20 years hold for genealogy: • The 1950 and 1960 US federal censuses will be released in 2022 and 2032, respectively. Though still useful for genealogy, census details began to shrink in 1950, with only 20 questions for the full population. The 1960 “short form” collected only five questions: relationship to head of household, age, sex, race and marital status. • We’ll likely see increasing digitization of records, with: FamilySearch completing scanning its microfilm; Findmypast partnering with US…

1679 New Hampshire becomes a royal province 1769 The Granite State’s first counties are formed 1771 Dartmouth College in Hanover grants its first degrees 1804 The first cotton mill opens in New Ipswich 1835 New Hampshire annexes the “Indian Stream Republic,” disputed land between it and Great Britain 1846 Manchester becomes the state’s first incorporated city 1916 New Hampshire holds its first presidential primary 1917 The Navy finishes its first submarine at Portsmouth Navy Yard 1946 Berlin native Earl Tupper invents Tupperware 1986 Space shuttle Challenger explodes with Concord resident Christa McAuliffe aboard 2003 New Hampshire’s hallmark Old Man of the Mountain rock formation on Cannon Mountain collapses…

1803 The United States acquires part of Wyoming in the Louisiana Purchase 1804 Lewis and Clark meet Shoshone woman Sacajewean 1834 Wyoming’s first permanent trading post opens at Fort Laramie 1863 The Daily Telegraph starts publication at Fort Bridger 1872 Yellowstone is designated America’s first national park 1877 The Wind River Reservation opens to Shoshone and Arapahoe Indians 1894 The Carey Act legalizing private water sales in dry states sparks settlement in northern Wyoming 1902 J.C. Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer 1906 The 1,267-foot-tall Devil’s Tower becomes the first national monument 1978 The world’s largest radio telescope is built on Jelm Mountain 1988 A fire in Yellowstone National Park consumes more than a million acres “HISTORY OF WYOMING” S.J. CLARKE PUBLISHING CO/WIKIMEDIA COMMONS/PUBLIC DOMAIN…

Planning a family reunion is a big job, but someone’s got to do it—and in your family, that might be you. If so, take the first important step: Open your web browser. The help you want may only be a few clicks away—and more reliable than your cousin Fred (bless his heart). A full range of free, convenient online tools make family-reunion planning easier from start to finish, from gathering the guest list to sharing priceless video footage afterward. In many cases, you can use online platforms you may already know well, such as Google Drive <drive.google.com>, Google Maps <www.google.com/maps> and Pinterest <www.pinterest.com>. Even if you have to learn a new site or app, you’ll likely find other great uses for it long after your family gathering ends. With so…

A As more and more people are recognizing that DNA testing can hold answers about relationships that may not be found in any other way, more and more of us are making unexpected discoveries about our family trees. While thousands of people are making these discoveries, no two situations are the same. That means that there isn’t one right answer about how to move forward. Ideally, before you test anyone, you should clearly explain the possible outcomes from testing—including the possibility of discovering new biological relatives. The Genetic Genealogy Tips and Techniques Facebook group <www.facebook.com/groups/geneticgenealogytipsandtechniques> offers a template that you can edit, then have your family member read and sign. The document assesses their understanding of the test and confirms their preferences about how you should handle unexpected information. But…

1620 The “Great Migration” begins, with more than 20,000 immigrants arriving in New England in 20 years 1790 Free white persons can become citizens after two years’ residence in the United States 1795 Naturalization Act increases citizenship applicants’ residency requirement to five years, with three years’ notice of intent to file for citizenship 1798 Residency requirement increases to 14 years, with five years’ notice of intention 1802 The Naturalization Act of 1798 is repealed 1807 Congress bans importing slaves, curbing the forced immigration of Africans (illegal importation of slaves continued) 1820 Laws requiring ships’ captains to submit passenger lists go into effect 1845 Ireland’s Great Potato Famine begins, prompting a million Irish to migrate to the United States over five years 1855 Castle Garden immigration depot opens on Manhattan’s Battery…

2020 • RootsTech (Salt Lake City): February 26–29, Salt Lake City, Utah <www.rootstech.org/salt-lake>• National Genealogical Society (NGS) Family History Conference: May 20–23, Salt Lake City, Utah <conference.ngsgenealogy.org>• Federation of Genealogical Societies (FGS) Family History Conference: September 2–5, Kansas City, Mo. <www.fgs.org/conferences>• MyHeritage LIVE: Israel (city and date to be announced 2021 • New England Regional Genealogical Consortium Conference: April 14–17, Springfield, Mass. < www.nergc.org/2021-conference-2>• NGS 2021: May, Richmond, Virginia (first conference after NGS-FGS merger)• Midwestern Roots Family history and Genealogy Conference: July 30–31, Indianapolis, Ind. < www.indianahistory.org/research/family-history/midwestern-roots>• Southern California Genealogy Jamboree (date and place to be announced)…

Websites Cyndi’s List: New Hampshire <cyndislist.com/us/nh> New Hampshire Genealogy <www.newhampshiregenealogy.com> New Hampshire Old Graveyard Association Master Burial Site Index <rootsweb.ancestry.com/~nhoga/burial.htm> NHGenWeb Project <www.usroots.com/usgwnhus> Publications Directory of Repositories of Family History in New Hampshire by Scott E. Green (Genealogical Publishing Co.) Genealogical Dictionary of Maine and New Hampshire by Sybil Noyes, Charles T. Libby and Walter G. Davis (NEHGS) Genealogist’s Handbook for New England Research, 5th edition, by Michael J. Leclerc (NEHGS) New Hampshire Families in 1790 by Diane Florence Gravel and David Watson Kruger (New Hampshire Society of Genealogists) New Hampshire Name Changes: 1768–1923 by Richard P. Roberts (Heritage Books) Archives & Organizations National Archives at Boston, 380 Trapelo Road, Waltham, MA 02452, (866) 406-2379, <www.archives.gov/boston> New England Historic Genealogical Society 101 Newbury St., Boston, MA 02116, (617) 536-5740, <www.americanancestors.org>…

Websites Cheyenne Genealogical and Historical Society <cghswyoming.org> Cyndi’s List: Wyoming <cyndislist.com/us/wy> Rocky Mountain Online Archive <rmoa.unm.edu> Wyoming GenWeb Project <rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wygenweb> Wyoming State Archives <wyoarchives.wyo.gov> Publications Genealogical Guide to Wyoming by Joyce V.H. Spiros (Verlene Publishing) Guide to the County Archives of Wyoming edited by Jim Donahue (Wyoming State Archives) History of Wyoming by T.A. Larson (University of Nebraska Press) Wyoming Atlas of Historical County Boundaries edited by John H. Long (Thomson Gale) Wyoming Place Names by Mae Urbanek (Mountain Press Publishing Co) Archives and Organizations American Heritage Center University of Wyoming, Dept. 3924, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, WY 82071, (307) 766-4114, <www.uwyo.edu/ahc> Bureau of Land Management, Wyoming State Office 5353 Yellowstone Rd., Cheyenne, WY 82009, (307) 775-6256, <www.blm.gov/wyoming> National Archives at Denver 17101 Huron St., Broomfield, CO, 80023, (303)…

1. SET THE STAGE Plan ahead whenever possible. Start work 12 to 18 months before the event, and form a committee to help you. 2. SELL TICKETS Set aside money for food, reservation space and other reunion expenses. Consider writing a letter to each family asking for a contribution. 3. ADD BLING WITH A THEME Spice up your reunion with a central idea: Christmas in July, All-American, county and western, toga party, etc. 4. GENERATE BUZZ Share details about your reunion on social media or a blog. 5. BLAST ‘EM WITH THE PAST Bring along photos, albums and heirlooms that will catch and keep your relatives’ interest. 6. AMP UP THE ACTIVITIES Schedule family-friendly events to get relatives moving and mingling. Softball, horseshoes, badminton and volleyball are good staples. 7.…

Although the Church of Scotland (Presbyterian church) was never the official state church, other Scottish denominations are often referred to as “nonconformist” churches. Those that were not breakaway Presbyterian groups (“seceders,” such as Quakers, Methodists and Catholics) are categorized as “dissenters.” Both types of nonconformists kept their own records. “Seceder” churches including the Reformed Presbyterian Church, the United Presbyterian Church and the Free Church kept registers of baptisms, marriages and burials from 1716 onwards. These records are in the process of being added to the ScotlandsPeople site <www.scotlandspeople.gov.uk>, which already has searchable Church of Scotland records. ScotlandsPeople also has about 700 surviving Catholic parish registers; the earliest date from 1703, but most begin in the 30 years after laws against Catholics were relaxed in the 1790s. For more about Catholic…

The New York World shares news of 17-year-old Annie Moore, the first immigrant to be processed at Ellis Island on January 1, 1892. Annie and her two younger brothers were en route to join their parents in New York City. About 700 immigrants were processed on Ellis Island's opening day, and nearly 450,000 passed through the island by the end of that year. Statues honoring Annie have been erected both on Ellis Island and in Cork County, Ireland. Find immigration records at the Statue of Liberty—Ellis Island Foundation and these 14 other great sites <www.familytreemagazine.com/premium/15-websites-finding-immigration-records>.…

Despite popular belief, immigrants’ names weren’t changed on Ellis Island. Immigrant processing didn’t allow for it: Ships’ passenger lists were compiled at the port of departure, as passengers purchased their tickets. A ship’s clerk wrote down the name and other information the passenger provided, and upon arrival in the United States, the captain turned this list over to customs officials. Arriving immigrants were interviewed by registry clerks. These clerks, each of whom spoke several languages, questioned immigrants in their native tongues, asking the same questions from the passenger list. If the answers differed from the list, the clerk could detain the person. Ellis Island clerks were instructed not to change information on the passenger list, unless the inspection revealed the original information was erroneous.…

Q HOW CAN I TRACE IMMIGRANTS BEFORE PASSENGER LISTS BEGIN IN 1820? A The Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, searchable via Ancestry.com <www.ancestry.com> and HeritageQuest Online (available through many libraries), indexes a variety of resources naming early immigrants. Use the source information to locate a copy of the original record, if possible. Some sources listed in this cheat sheet’s immigration records chart predate 1820, and obituaries, newspaper arrival lists or court papers may serve as substitutes. Q WHERE CAN I FIND OUT ABOUT MY ANCESTOR WHO IMMIGRATED TO CANADA, THEN CROSSED THE BORDER INTO THE UNITED STATES? A The United States began recording border crossings in 1895, at a time when almost half of immigrants to Canada went on to the United States. More than four million arrivals from 1895…

• Cemetery records: tombstone or on the burial record may provide biographical details • Censuses, including: » 1820–1840: number of aliens/persons not naturalized » 1870: birthplace, whether parents were foreign-born » 1880: birthplaces of the person and his or her parents » 1890 (only fragments exist): birthplaces of the person and his/her parents, number of years in the United States, naturalization status » 1900: birthplaces of the person and his/her parents, immigration year, number of years in the United States, naturalization status » 1910: birthplaces of the person and his/her parents, immigration year, mother tongue, naturalization status » 1920: birthplaces and mother tongue of the person and his/her parents, immigration year, naturalization status » 1930: birthplaces and mother tongue of the person and his/her parents, immigration year, naturalization status »…