The Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe (Swallow) was the world’s first jet fighter to enter service. It looked the part—a technological marvel with a shark-like, pointy fuselage, swept wings and two underslung turbojet engines.
When officials demonstrated the Schwalbe to Adolf Hitler at Insterburg, Germany, on November 26, 1943, Hitler was merely making offhand conversation when he asked designer Willy Messerschmitt if the Me 262 could carry bombs. It could indeed, Messerschmitt assured the Führer, but while the Me 262 bore the name of his aircraft company he had not participated in its design and knew little about it.
As an air-to-air weapon, the Me 262 extracted a toll. Its pilots—intrepid men, all, for the Me 262 was cantankerous and difficult to fly—were credited with shooting down 542 Allied warplanes while…