Indholdsfortegnelse for Winter 2020-2021 i The Explorers Journal

President Despite the global challenges that we have faced over the past year, I am happy to report that The Explorers Club is expanding its reach in a manner that our founding members could not have imagined more than a century ago. And most of this recent progress has come as a result of deep introspection, which began with fundamental questions: Who are we as an institution? And, more importantly, who do we want to be? Certainly, the idea of making the world a better place is often at the heart of why we all volunteer or participate in nonprofit organizations like the Club. To this end, our goal is to provide a forum for intellectual exchange in which explorers do not need to worry about their color, creed, or…

ICE WALKER BY JAMES RAFFAN 192 PP • NEW YORK: SIMON & SCHUSTER, 2020 • ISBN-10: 1501155369 • ISBN-13: 978-1501155369 • $18 Approaching polar bears through the lenses of myth, culture, science, and his own experience in the field, prolific author and geographer James Raffan has written a lyrical paean to this magnificent animal in his new book, Ice Walker. We do not know much about polar bear evolution, Raffan explains, as little or no fossil record has survived because they “lived and died on or over water,” however modern science has filled in many gaps. DNA points to their origins as brown bears that probably emerged in Siberia some 200,000 years ago when food pressures forced some off the land and onto the sea ice to hunt. Over time,…

Editor-in-Chief For this edition of THE EXPLORERS JOURNAL, we venture into the minds of our fellow explorers in an effort to glean insight into how they view the world and how their ground-breaking research has challenged our own perceptions of it. For this issue’s cover story, glaciologists Jason Gulley and Matt Covington teamed up with Canadian ice climber Will Gadd to gain access to a suite of moulins, vast ephemeral voids in the Greenland ice sheet that are providing a window on the dynamics of its accelerating melt. As they discovered during their expeditions, the mechanics of seasonal meltwater flow and ice sheet movement are not at all what glaciologists had expected—turning out instead to be a terrifyingly beautiful phenomenon that has major implications for the modeling of future melt…

mussel broth “sea-foam” with shore greens SERVES 4 IN EVERY EPISODE OF WILD HARVEST WE TRY TO NOT ONLY EDUCATE ABOUT WILD EDIBLES AND CELEBRATE THE LOCALE, BUT ALSO LOOK FOR THE STORY WITHIN IN THE PLANTS WE GATHER. CHEF PAUL MUST THEN TELL THE STORY OF WHERE WE ARE, ON THE PLATE: THE MOMENT IN TIME; THE BEAUTY; THE EXPERIENCE; AND, ULTIMATELY, THE TERROIR. HE REALLY NAILED IT WHEN I TOOK HIM TO NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AND FINALLY GAVE HIM A LITTLE PROTEIN TO PLAY WITH! 1 tbs canola or vegetable oil2 tbs shallots, finely chopped1 large garlic clove, finely chopped1 lb mussels, cleaned and debearded2 quarts water3 cups walking stick kelp, cleaned, washed, and cut in small squares1 egg white2 tbs miso paste¼ cup green onion, chopped1 splash of…

THE EXPLORERS CLUB 46 EAST 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 WWW.EXPLORERS.ORG | 212-628-8383 AFRICA Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka gladys@ctph.org ALASKA Mead Treadwell meadwell@alaska.net ATLANTA Steve Pigott jagter@msn.com AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND Todd Tai todd@mivision.com.au BHUTAN Matthew DeSantis matt@mybhutan.com CANADA George Kourounis chapterchair@explorersclub.ca CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA Acting Chair: Synnøve Marie Kvam Strømsvåg sstromsvag@explorers.org CHICAGO/GREAT LAKES Robert A. Shuchman, PhD shuchman@mtu.edu EAST & SOUTH ASIA Steven R. Schwankert steven@sinoscuba.com FLORIDA Joseph Dituri, PhD joe@gallantaquatic.com GEORGE ROGERS CLARK Cindy Irvin cirvin100@yahoo.com GREAT BRITAIN & IRELAND Mark Wood, Chair mark@markwoodexplorer.com Rory Golden, Vice Chair rgolden@eircom.net GREATER PIEDMONT James Borton asiareview@yahoo.com HAWAII Mark Blackburn mblackburn@aol.com HONG KONG Angélica Anglés aangles@explorershk.org NEW ENGLAND Gregory Deyermenjian paititi@alumni.clarku.edu NORTH PACIFIC ALASKA Joshua…

NICK HAGUE IS ONE LUCKY MAN. ON OCTOBER 11, 2018, LESS THAN TWO MINUTES INTO FLIGHT, TRAVELING AT 4,000 MPH AND ABOUT 30 MILES ABOVE EARTH, HIS SOYUZ MS-10 ROCKET FAILED. QUICK THINKING AND AUTOMATED SYSTEMS SEPARATED THE CREW FROM THE ROCKET IMMEDIATELY, ALLOWING THEM TO MAKE A VIOLENT BULLET REENTRY INTO THE EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE. THEY LANDED WAY OFF COURSE IN A REMOTE PART OF KAZAKHSTAN, BUT, MOST IMPORTANTLY, THEY WERE ALIVE AND UNINJURED. HAGUE DID NOT THINK TWICE ABOUT RETURNING TO SPACE, LAUNCHING WITH THE SOYUZ MS-12 CREW ON MARCH 14, 2019, TO JOIN ISS EXPEDITION 59/60. JC: What do you remember about the moment of failure? NH: You rely on your hours and hours of training with the crew, so you’re always waiting for something to go wrong.…

JOIN THE “EXPLORERS IMMORTALS” AND ENGRAVE YOUR NAME OR DEDICATION IN STONE ON NEW PAVERS FOR THE LEFRAK TERRACE AT EXPLORERS CLUB HEADQUARTERS. ADORN OUR LANDMARK OUTDOOR SPACE AND HELP PAY FOR URGENT WORK FOR PHASE II RENOVATIONS BY MAKING A TAX-DEDUCTIBLE DONATION OF $2,500 PER DEDICATED PAVER TO OUR LOWELL THOMAS BUILDING FUND. THE EXPLORERS CLUB WOULD LIKE TO THANK THE FOLLOWING WHO HAVE PURCHASED A PAVER: Mark Allio, Joanna Allman, James H. Alexander, John G. Alexander, Darlene T. Anderson, Jeanne D. Andlinger, Barbara Annan, Robert J. Aresty, Robert Ashton, Atlanta Chapter, Robert J. Atwater, Norman L. Baker, Andreas Bender, Josh Bernstein, John Bierley, Bruce Blanchard, John R. Bockstoce, Brian M. Boom, John R. Boreske Jr., Jill Botway, Gary W. Bowersox, Lawson W. Brigham, Diane Britz-Lotti, Charles A. Burroughs,…

“I’M PROUD TO PLAY A PART IN BUILDING OUR LEGACY ENDOWMENT AND ENCOURAGE ALL MEMBERS TO JOIN THE LEGACY SOCIETY!” —RICHARD GARRIOTT DE CAYEUX, LM’98! Mark R. Allio • John G. Alexander • Alan B. Albright • Robert J. Atwater • Capt. Norman L. Baker* • Barbara Ballard • Robert D. Ballard, PhD • Samuel B. Ballen* • Mark Gregory Bayuk • Daniel A. Bennett • Josh Bernstein • Bruce Blanchard • John R. Bockstoce, DPhil • Jack Aaron Boggs* • Bjorn G. Bolstad* • Capt. Bruce M. Bongar, PhD • Brian M. Boom, PhD • Jill Botway • Garrett R. Bowden • Capt. Lawson W. Brigham, PhD, USCG (ret.) • Harry Davis Brooks • Lt. Col. Jewell Richard Browder* • August “Augie” Brown* • John C.D. Bruno • Marc Bryan-Brown…

AVAILABLE IN PRINT AND AS A DIGITAL PUBLICATION From vast ocean depths to the frontiers of outer space, THE EXPLORERS JOURNAL offers firsthand reporting from those pushing the limits of knowledge and human endurance. Founded in 1904 to promote exploration “by all means possible,” The Explorers Club is an international organization dedicated to the advancement of field exploration and scientific inquiry. Among our members are leading pioneers in oceanography, mountaineering, archaeology, and the planetary and environmental sciences.…