Indholdsfortegnelse for Issue 189 i The Week Junior US

A mid calls for a ceasefire in the war between Hamas and Israel, people continue to demonstrate across the US. Some are protesting in support of Israel, others are supporting Palestinians, and many are calling for peace. What is happening? Since the war between Israel and Hamas started on October 7, thousands of people in the US have taken to the streets to express their opinions. People who support Israel say its government is right to attack Gaza, where Hamas is based, because Hamas started the war by attacking Israel and has stated that its goal is to eliminate Israel. There are also many protesters who say Israel has gone too far in its response and are calling for the nation to stand down. They believe that in its attempt…

REWRITING A RECORD A man in Iowa set a new world record for the largest collection of pencils, with 69,255. Aaron Bartholmey has been collecting them for more than 30 years, since he was in first grade. “It’s pretty unbelievable,” he said of the new record. ARTISTIC ANIMALS More than 2,000 origami elephants and other animals adorn the holiday tree at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. Volunteers from around the world made the folded paper animals, including a garland of 400 elephants that circles the 13-foot-tall tree. A WONDERFUL MISTAKE A rare stamp that’s famous for its imperfection sold for $2 million at auction. Known as the Inverted Jenny, it features a plane called the Curtiss JN (which was referred to as Jenny). In 1918,…

Lawmakers in Congress (branch of government that makes laws) reached a temporary budget deal to keep government agencies operating through the rest of the year, and President Joe Biden signed the bill into law on November 16. Congress now has until January 19 to set the annual budget for some federal agencies and February 2 for others. If lawmakers don’t agree on an annual budget by those dates, a shutdown could occur.…

In 2022, airlines in the US carried 853 million passengers, a 30% increase from 2021. But even as more people are flying, space on planes has gotten much tighter—and flight crews have reported more arguments between passengers about reclining seats. People are fairly evenly split on the issue: A recent international poll found that 53% of flyers think it’s unacceptable to recline your seat. Some people say it’s not just about whether it’s OK to recline—it also matters when and how you do it. Meanwhile, others feel there’s never a right time. What do you think? Is it OK to recline your seat on a plane? Yes—comfort comes first It’s simple: If you paid for a seat that reclines, you have the right to recline it. Sitting upright for an…

A South American animal took the spotlight at the biggest agricultural fair in the northeastern US. At this year’s Eastern States Exposition, also known as the Big E, 180 llamas participated in a three-day competition. Experts say interest in the animals has been on the rise. Llamas are relatives of camels and are native to the Andes Mountains, where they have helped people haul goods across steep mountainsides for hundreds of years. People first brought llamas to the US in the 19th century. Here, the animals are mainly kept as pets. Others appear at special events or act as guards to protect other farm animals from predators. At the Big E expo, owners show off their llamas’ straight backs, long necks, ability to navigate past obstacles, and friendliness to strangers.…

“How many types of penguins are there, and how many of them are endangered?” Charlotte, 12, Nevada Brendan Dugan Senior penguin trainer, New England Aquarium Of the 18 species of penguins, five are considered endangered and four more are vulnerable. Reasons include overfishing and climate change, which is causing currents to shift. This makes it harder for penguins to find food. Remember to reduce, reuse, and recycle if you want to help! Do you have a question for an animal expert? Send it to hello@theweekjunior.com. Find out more about the New England Aquarium at neaq.org.…

Scientists conducting a new study of lunar dust have determined that the Moon is about 40 million years older than previously believed. They analyzed zircon crystals in the dust, which was collected in 1972 by astronauts from NASA (the US space agency). Previous research pinned the Moon’s age at about 4.425 billion years old, but the research team found that the Moon is at least 4.46 billion years old. Scientists believe the Moon was created when a smaller planet called Theia crashed into Earth. Debris from this massive collision formed the Moon, and the intense pressure and heat generated by the crash melted rock that became the lunar surface. Once the surface cooled, the zircon crystals, which are made from a mineral, began to form. The researchers were from Northwestern…

This year marks the 100th anniversary of the Walt Disney Company, and a new animated musical is helping to honor the milestone. Wish, which is now playing in theaters, is a classic Disney tale about dreams coming true. Over the years, animated Disney films such as Pinocchio, The Princess and the Frog, and Moana have featured characters wishing upon a star. In Wish, audiences will learn the origin story of the star. The film is set in the magical kingdom of Rosas, where ruler King Magnifico takes ownership of people’s wishes and decides whether to grant them. When a girl named Asha wishes on a star, it falls from the sky and helps her fight Magnifico to give the community back their hopes and dreams. The film was directed by…

Super Mario RPG is a new role-playing game. It was recently released exclusively for the Nintendo Switch. The game is a remake of a hit 1996 Super Nintendo game with the same title that has been considered one of the greatest games of all time. The remake has been given a 3D makeover. Like most games in the Super Mario franchise, Super Mario RPG takes place in the Mushroom Kingdom. The story begins when a giant sword falls from the sky, interrupting a battle between Mario and his archrival Bowser. As a result of the impact, Star Road, a famous location that has the power to grant wishes, is shattered into seven pieces. Mario and others are scattered in different directions, and when they make it back into the Mushroom…

Mac B., Kid Spy By Mac Barnett “This is a great book series for kids. Each book has short chapters and is interesting. Mac, who is the main character, is a kid spy from California. He is really funny and loves to play video games. In each book, he gets a call from the Queen of England to send him on a mission. In one of the books, the prince tries to order pizza and accidentally calls on the spy phone. You also learn about what spies do.” Tully, 9, New York Do you have a book to recommend? Send your review to hello@theweekjunior.com.…

Start slowly If you haven’t stayed away from home before, consider a sleepover at a family member’s house where you already feel comfortable. Take comfort items When you’re packing up to go, include an item that will help you feel more at home. It could be your favorite pillow, a special blanket, a stuffed animal, or a book. Get settled Check out your surroundings soon after you arrive. For example, ask where you’ll be sleeping and put your stuff there. Check where the closest bathroom is, too, in case you need it during the night. Ask for help If you feel homesick, be sure to tell your friend or a trusted adult in the home how you feel. Missing home and your family are totally normal. Telling someone, or making…

Crisscross Each of these types of furniture fits into this grid. Can you find where each one goes to complete the grid? 3 letters BED COT 4 letters DESK SOFA 5 letters COUCH TABLE 6 letters BUFFET CRADLE 7 letters DRESSER OTTOMAN 8 letters ARMCHAIR WARDROBE 9 letters SECTIONAL WORKBENCH 10 letters NIGHTSTAND WINDOW SEAT ALL THE SAME Each answer contains the letters L-O-G. Those letters have been placed for you. Can you figure out the words? (NEED A HINT? Check the bottom of the page.) Take five Five 5-letter words associated with pizza are hidden in this grid. For each one, the first letter is somewhere in the first column, the second is somewhere in the second column, and so on. Can you find all five? SUDOKU To complete…

“I am a staunch supporter of environmental causes, especially the fight against global warming. I long for a greener and more eco-friendly planet. I wrote a letter to the President when I was 8 years old, urging action on this critical issue. Soon after, I received an encouraging response from him, bolstering my belief that even small individual efforts can contribute to the fight against climate change. When I turned 9, I co-authored a science fiction book titled The Martian Miracle: Ivaan and the Climate Crisis with my dad. The Kindle version of the book is now available globally and will soon be published in paperback.” Have you done something interesting or raised money for a cause you care about? Whatever you’re up to, we want to hear about it…

President Joe Biden and Chinese president Xi Jinping met in California on November 15 for their first in-person talk in a year. They spoke about strengthening the complex relationship between their nations, which are two of the most powerful in the world and often disagree on global issues. The meeting was held at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit, an annual forum to promote trade and economic growth among 21 member countries, including the US, China, Japan, and Canada. Biden and Xi discussed several key issues, including Xi’s request for the US to end economic sanctions (financial punishments) against China. They also agreed to reinstate communications between their militaries, and Biden asked Xi to help ease global tensions amid ongoing wars in Ukraine and the Middle East. Xi also hinted that…

The US Supreme Court (America’s most powerful court of law) announced that it has voluntarily created and adopted an official code of conduct. The announcement came after news reports published earlier this year said some justices may have taken part in unethical behavior. What happened? An ethics code is a set of principles designed to help employees do their jobs with honesty and integrity. Judges in lower courts follow ethics rules, but the Supreme court didn’t have rules of its own. The new 14-page code of conduct, based on the rules lower court judges follow, states that the justices must not allow “family, social, political, financial, or other relationships” to influence their decisions. It also states that they should recuse (excuse) themselves from a court case if they have a…

In 1987, Jennifer Jones became the first Black dancer to join the Rockettes, a renowned dance company best known for its Radio City Christmas Spectacular. With her new picture book, On the Line: My Story of Becoming the First African American Rockette, she hopes to inspire a new generation of dancers. Jones, age 56, grew up in Randolph, New Jersey. When her love for dance began in elementary school, she did not see many performers who looked like her. A pivotal moment in her life came when her parents took her to New York City to see the Broadway musical The Wiz, which had an all-Black cast. “My parents showed me that we can be Black and dance on a grand stage,” Jones told The Week Junior. Jones first auditioned…

Over time, many species of animals have developed inventive ways of avoiding predators. For example, decorator crabs conceal themselves in coral and Arctic hares grow white fur in winter to blend in with their snowy habitat. A new study has revealed that Wallace’s flying frogs have a particularly off-putting way of repelling attackers. These small frogs from Southeast Asia have adapted to look like poop. When they are young, Wallace’s flying frogs have reddish-brown bodies covered in small white dots. The pattern resembles that of animal droppings. Experts think that instead of hiding from their predators, these frogs simply look like something no other animal wants to eat. A group of researchers tested their theory at Schoenbrunn Zoo in Vienna, Austria. They created wax models of frogs in different colors…

Brown bears A conservation group in Montana has bought more than 1,500 acres of land near Yellowstone National Park to stop a company from building a new gold mine. The purchase will protect brown bears and other wildlife in the area. Snow crabs Scientists have figured out that warming oceans are the reason why billions of snow crabs in Alaska have gone missing. The crabs most likely could not find enough food during a two-year heat wave in the Bering Sea, causing many to starve.…

For 80 years, The Little Prince, with its themes of love and friendship, has been one of the most popular and widely translated books worldwide. A true adventure story inspired the beloved tale. A passion for flying Antoine de Saint-Exupéry was born in 1900 in Lyon, France. In 1912, he took his first trip in an airplane and decided he wanted to be a pilot one day. He fulfilled his dream, becoming an airmail pilot, and joined the French Air Force. In 1935, Saint-Exupéry attempted to break an airspeed record on a flight from Paris, France, to Saigon, in present-day Vietnam. Nearly 20 hours into the flight, he crashed in the Sahara desert. After four days, he was rescued. Following Germany’s invasion of France during World War II (1939–1945), Saint-Exupéry…

Chickens cluck, chirp, and chat, and now their owners can find out what they’re saying with a smart chicken coop. The Coop has an artificial intelligence program called Albert Eggstein, with sound-detection software that tracks the pattern, pitch, and volume of the birds’ chatter. The Coop’s designers said that over time, the program learns to determine whether the chickens are happy, hungry, in danger, or feeling broody (wanting to sit on their eggs) based on their “cluck talk.” The program sends updates to owners through an app.…

From November 9 to November 19, the 2023 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships were held in Birmingham, England. It featured competitions in tumbling and trampoline, and it is a major qualifying event for the 2024 Summer Olympics. The US men’s and women’s teams won a total of 10 medals. Four of the US medals were gold, which was more than any team. Trampoline gymnastics, which became an Olympic sport in 2000, has four event categories for men and women: individual trampoline, synchronized trampoline, double mini trampoline (DMT), and tumbling. On a trampoline, an athlete can bounce more than 30 feet high as they do somersaults and twists in the air. The sport’s top athletes competed from November 9 to November 12, and several Americans made history with their performances. Jessica Stevens…

At the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, a new exhibition called The Secret World of Elephants is now open. It covers the animals’ 60-million-year evolution as well as topics such as how they communicate and how they help environments. Elephants and their close relatives are part of an order of animals called proboscideans. They have been on the planet for 60 million years and lived on every continent except Antarctica and Australia. While there were once more than 200 species of proboscideans, most of them are extinct. Today, three kinds of elephants exist, and wild ones live only in Africa and Asia. Lauri Halderman, the museum’s senior vice president for exhibition, said that since many people know the animals only through zoos or TV, movies, and…

The Parent Trap (Disney+ or rent on demand) “I’ve watched this movie a million times. It’s about two girls who meet at camp and look very similar. One of them, Hallie, lives in California and only has a dad. The other, Annie, lives in England and only has a mom. After they get in trouble and are sent to the Isolation Cabin together, they figure out that they are twins. They decide to switch places so they can meet each other’s parent that they don’t know. Hallie goes to England as Annie, and Annie goes to California as Hallie. This movie is so good, and I recommend it for all ages.” Violet, 10, California Do you have a film or TV show to recommend to other kids? Send your review…

By Jeanne DuPrau (Random House Books for Young Readers) It’s several hundred years in the future when the world no longer uses fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, and items like cars, smartphones, and TVs don’t exist. Riding on a train to pick up his orphan cousin, Keith, age 13, makes small talk with Malcolm, who is working on a complex engineering project in a remote town. Before Keith can find out more, Malcolm falls asleep and almost misses his stop. Later, when Keith gets off the train, he realizes Malcolm took the wrong luggage. Keith looks through Malcolm’s bag hoping to find an address where he can return the bag. Instead he sees diagrams for “Project F.” On the way back from picking up Lulu, his cousin, they…

Cut & Color Crafts for Kids By Kimberly McLeod (Page Street Publishing) Each chapter in this book features projects you can make with a different recycled material, such as cardboard or craft sticks. There are 35 projects in all, including ballerina puppets, paper flowers, and color-your-own bookmarks. Ages 11 and under Finger Knitting Fun By Vickie Howell (Quarry Books) The step-by-step photos and instructions in this book show you how to knit using your fingers, instead of with knitting needles. Once you get the hang of how to do it, you can tackle one of the book’s 28 interesting projects, such as scarves, pillows, bracelets, and jump ropes. Ages 7 and up Good Housekeeping: The Ultimate Kids Christmas Book By Caroline McKenzie (Hearst Home Kids) Candy-cane candles, 3D paper snowflakes,…

Ingredients ● 4 large eggs● 2 cups heavy cream● One 14-ounce can sweetened condensed milk● 1 tablespoon vanilla● Fine salt● 14- to 16-ounce loaf day-old brioche, cut into 2-inch cubes● 2 cups pecan halves● 6 tablespoons butter, at room temperature● 1 cup packed dark brown sugar● Parchment paper● Vanilla ice cream (optional) Instructions 1. In a large bowl, make a custard: Whisk the eggs, heavy cream, condensed milk, vanilla, and a big pinch of salt until well combined. Add the bread cubes and toss to coat. Set mixture aside for 30 minutes to let the bread soak up the custard, stirring occasionally. 2. Preheat the oven to 350° F. Spread pecans on a rimmed baking sheet and lightly toast in the oven, about 5 minutes. Watch the pecans carefully so…

An amazingly artistic bird An injured bird has reinvented himself as a painter. Ferrisburgh is a kestrel, a bird of prey in the falcon family, who lives at the Vermont Institute of Natural Science. After a wing injury left him unable to fly, staff introduced Ferrisburgh to painting with his talons. He took to it like a bird to a branch and has even helped lead an art class for visitors. Now some of Ferrisburgh’s paintings are being sold to support the nature center. A staff member said, “He’s a little bird who thinks he’s a human.” A not-so-convenient store People often run to the store for a quick trip, but that’s not really possible at one shop in southern China. This store is located 394 feet above ground on…

Libby, who is 13 years old and in seventh grade, told us her school is special because it holds a “genius hour,” during which students get to pick an activity they want to do. She is proud that her school was nominated for the National Blue Ribbon award and offers advanced courses. If you want to share what’s great about your school, go to kids.theweekjunior.com/activities to print out a form. Fill it out, then have an adult email it to us at hello@theweekjunior.com. We’ll feature some of the submissions on this page in future issues. RIDDLE OF THE WEEK What do kids make a lot of that can’t be seen? Noise IT’S YOUR TURN Email your news, views, and photos to hello@theweekjunior.com. We want to hear from you! To have…

Teacher’s Name: Mr. Hart School: Hermosa Valley Middle School “Mr. Hart is the best teacher yet! He is a core teacher who taught social studies and ELA. I was so lucky to get two classes in a row with him. I was always so happy in that class. He was so positive and could always make me smile. He supported me during tests and hard times. He is truly the best.” Harlee, 12, California Nominate your teacher for Teacher of the Week! Send your reason for the nomination, a photo of your teacher, and your school’s name and address to hello@theweekjunior.com.…

November 30, 1876 First Thanksgiving football game held On November 30, 1876, the first Thanksgiving Day college football game was played between Yale University and Princeton University in front of nearly 1,000 fans in New Jersey. Yale won, 2–0, and the game began a tradition of football being played on the holiday. Last Thanksgiving, a total of 138 million viewers watched games played in the National Football League.…

Grenada Sculptures installed under the sea Jason deCaires Taylor, a UK artist, has installed a new series of life-size sculptures under the sea near the Caribbean island of Grenada. Taylor based his sculptures on people from the community and decorated them with local colors, including yellow from the spice turmeric. Taylor said he was inspired by the vibrant annual carnival called Spicemas. The exhibit is expected to serve as an “artificial reef” to support marine life. Brazil Taylor Swift concert postponed Taylor Swift postponed a concert in Rio de Janeiro on November 18 due to safety concerns related to a heat wave. On November 19, the temperature in the city hit a record high of 112.6° F. The extreme heat was affecting more than 100 million people in Brazil, and…

Timucuan has one of the last unspoiled wetlands on the Atlantic Coast of the US. Along with marshes, the nature preserve includes sand dunes, oak forests, and pine flatwoods (grasslands filled with pine trees). A variety of animals, including manatees and armadillos, live in the preserve. Visitors can also view artifacts dating back 6,000 years and learn about the cultures of the Indigenous peoples (first known inhabitants) of the area. Hikers, cyclists, and kayakers can make their way through several national, state, and city parks connected by the Timucuan Trail.…

Barbary macaque A Barbary macaque has been born at Wild Ireland Park in Donegal, Ireland. Barbary macaques are endangered, and the park said the monkey’s birth was “of international importance in the fight against extinction.” ● LIFE SPAN: 22 years ● HABITAT: North Africa and Gibraltar in Europe ● SIZE: About 2 feet long, and up to 35 pounds ● DIET: Insects, frogs, fruit, leaves, and roots ● FUN FACT: They store food in cheek pouches that are nearly as big as their stomachs.…

The rose Although vain and at times unkind, the rose represents beauty and love and the importance of looking past outward appearances. The fox The fox represents wisdom, as he helps the Little Prince learn lessons about trust and friendship. The fox teaches him the importance of taking the time to form meaningful relationships with others. The stars To the Little Prince, the stars symbolize aspirations and possibilities. They serve as a reminder to readers to hold on to one’s dreams and keep their sense of wonder about life. The baobab trees The roots of these giant trees threaten to split the Little Prince’s planet into pieces. They are a metaphor (comparison) for neglect and what can happen when dangerous ideas are allowed to grow.…

Past studies have shown that music can reduce a person’s sensitivity to pain. Now a new study from McGill University in Canada has found that listening to your favorite music can reduce physical pain even further. In the study, 63 people were exposed to heat that felt like a hot cup being pressed against the skin. They experienced this while listening to different samples of music for about seven minutes and reported how intense and unpleasant their pain was throughout the process. One sample consisted of two of the participants’ favorite songs, while another had music that was considered relaxing. There were also control tests with no musical accompaniment, and others where participants listened to scrambled versions of their favorite songs or relaxing music. The study found that listening to…

For the first time ever, the NBA (National Basketball Association) is holding an in-season tournament for its 30 teams. The tournament, which is similar to one in the WNBA (Women’s National Basketball Association), was created to make the early part of the season exciting for players and fans. Players can earn cash awards based on how far their teams go. In the tournament, which began on November 3, the Eastern and Western Conferences are split into six groups of five teams. Games are played on Tuesday and Fridays, and all but the Final count toward a team’s regular season record. When The Week Junior went to press, there had been four nights of action and seven teams remained undefeated, including the Miami Heat, the Milwaukee Bucks, and the Sacramento Kings.…

Coach’s Name: Linda Velaj Team: Darien 2013 Girls Blue Team (soccer) “Linda has been my coach since 2021. She helped me and my team get better at 1v1’s, passing, dribbling, and shooting. She helps us find the best in ourselves. She always hypes us up before a game. Do you see why we love her? She knows exactly how to motivate us to play. When she shows up to practice, she always has a smile on her face. Those are some of the reasons we love her!” Sophia, 10, Connecticut To nominate a Coach of the Week, send your coach’s name, photo, sport, and team to hello@theweekjunior.com. Include your name, age, state, and a few reasons why your coach is great.…

The Bad Guys: A Very Bad Holiday (Netflix) This sequel to the film adaptation of the best-selling book series The Bad Guys finds Mr. Wolf and his gang on a new hilarious adventure. When Christmas is unexpectedly canceled, the Bad Guys must reignite the holiday spirit so they can pull off plans for a city-wide Christmas heist. The Elf on the Shelf: Sweet Showdown (Food Network) Sundays at 8 pm ET Famous pastry chef Duff Goldman hosts this new baking competition series inspired by the popular Elf on the Shelf doll. Six teams of bakers must make elaborate creations that tell a story about the dolls as they try to win $25,000. Genie (Peacock) In this new comedy, workaholic Bernard rubs an old jewelry box and releases a genie (played…

What inspired this story? I built a house powered by solar energy, and that led me to looking into energy use in our world—where it comes from and how we use it. What do you hope readers take away from this book? I hope they see that it’s possible to live without things we think of as essential, such as TVs and phones. You can have fun in ways that don’t depend on energy. Who were your favorite authors growing up? I enjoyed The Chronicles of Narnia by C.S. Lewis. I read books by Charles Dickens when I was a bit older. What is difficult about writing? Everything! How to start, what should come next—there are so many decisions to make! Cats or dogs? I used to be a cat…

With the weather getting chillier, it’s a perfect time of year to invite friends over for some indoor fun with a sleepover. A bonus: If your family decorates your home for the holidays, it can be a special time to host friends for the night. Here’s what you need to know to get started. Plan it out The holiday season can be busy for families, so talk to yours about an ideal night to have friends sleep over. If a weekend won’t work, you could consider having a sleepover during your school’s holiday break. Ask how many guests you’re allowed to have, then reach out to friends to see who is available. If some can’t sleep over, ask if they’d like to stay for the earlier part of the night.…

When carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is released into the atmosphere, it causes temperatures on Earth to rise. Carbon dioxide comes from burning fossil fuels, like oil and gas, to power cars and generate electricity. Your family’s “carbon footprint” is the amount of carbon dioxide released into the air because of the energy you use. There are simple ways you can reduce your footprint. For example, if you and your family are running errands close by, you can walk instead of drive. Eat fruits and vegetables that are grown nearby so less fuel is used to transport food from far away. You can also take shorter showers—the less hot water you use, the less energy is needed to heat the water.…

For many years and many reasons, I was an admirer of former First Lady Rosalynn Carter before her death this week at age 96 (p3). During her time as First Lady—from 1977 to 1981, when her husband, Jimmy Carter, was the 39th President—she was a strong advocate for improving Americans’ access to mental health care, among other causes. After leaving the White House, she and her husband founded the Carter Center to help resolve conflicts and eliminate diseases around the world. The couple also helped build more than 4,000 homes with Habitat for Humanity, pounding nails side by side. Rosalynn Carter deserves the thousands of tributes that have poured forth since she died. But as former First Lady Michelle Obama said, “Her life is a reminder that no matter who…

“I read the article about leaf peeping in the October 13 issue and went on a nature walk to collect a lot of leaves. I loved using the leaves to make rubbings and create a leaf-peeping picture!”Stella, 10, Illinois “I really love waiting for The Week Junior to come in the mail!”Micah, 9, Pennsylvania “The cheesy veggie lasagna rollups are so good! I’m going to make them for our Thanksgiving dinner, too!”Gabby, 10, Arizona…

1 What is the name of the program that tells people what their chickens are saying? a) Albert Eggstein b) Thomas Eggison c) Sir Isaac Eggton a ◻ b ◻ c ◻ 2 True or false? Thanksgiving dinners are projected to cost less this year than in 2022. True ◻ False ◻ 3 In the video game Super Mario RPG, what is the name of the famous location that grants wishes? 4 In what year was the classic children’s book The Little Prince first published? a) 1903 b) 1923 c) 1943 a ◻ b ◻ c ◻ 5 True or false? There are 18 known living species of penguins. True ◻ False ◻ 6 Jennifer Jones was the first Black dancer to join what renowned dance company? 7 Which team won…