1_Sometimes novelists like to bypass introductions and drop us right in the middle of things. The first sentence of Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway, for instance: “Mrs. Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself.”
I’m sorry, which flowers? Were we discussing flowers?
2_On one level, “the” doesn’t seem to signify much.
3_On a desert island, however, “I drank the water” means something very different from simply “I drank water.”
4_English distinguishes between the definite article “the,” the indefinite article “a,” and the demonstratives “this” and “that.” Some languages have no articles. Japanese is one such language. It has three demonstratives, however, corresponding to “this here,” “that over there near you,” “and that over there near neither of us.”
5_Pun: They paid me ten cents a word for the article; I…