Authorised on 22nd May 1829 and commissioned in stages from 1835, the route through the Tyne gap linking Newcastle and Carlisle opened throughout on 18th June 1838, following completion of the last section from Greenhead to Haydon Bridge which included the town of Haltwhistle. The line’s promoters, the Newcastle & Carlisle Railway, were keen to exploit the rich lead workings around Alston and on 26th August 1846 they were granted powers to construct a 16 mile long branch from Haltwhistle to Nenthead, a small village about seven miles south east of Alston.
The town of Alston claims to be the highest market town in England at 1,000 feet above sea level but Nenthead, a lead mining centre, is 400 feet higher and surrounded by inhospitable, barren moorland. The line was…